Bacteria II Gram (+) Flashcards
Two Bacterial
Anthrax
Acne
Anthrax Transmission
3 forms/routes:
- Cutaneous: Animals, Equip, Biting Flies, Soil
- Gastrointestinal
- Inhalational
No person-to-person spread
Incubation time: ~7 days
Cutaneous Anthrax Symptoms
- Enter through abrasion
- Germinate
- Papule forms
- Necrosis
- Eschar (painless ulcer)
GI Anthrax Symptoms
Looks like food poisoning
Fever; abdominal pain; GI “ulcers”
Death via septic shock
Inhalational Anthrax Symptoms
- Spores inhaled
- Taken up by alveolar m
- Alveolar m to lymph nodes
- Bacteria escape into blood, lymph
- Septic shock
Looks like URTI at first
3-5 days later:
Fever
Respiratory failure
Death via septic shock
Anthrax Treatment
Antibiotics: -Varies by form -Ciprofloxacin (a fluoroquinolone) is most common Antibiotic resistance: -Natural -Bred Raxibacumab: mAb for toxin
Anthrax Prevention & Control
Vaccine (Biothrax) available:
- Aka Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA)
- Toxoid
- Only for certain populations
Heightened hygiene measures in animal care
Dust control
Acne Transmission
Normal component of skin flora
Why are some people hit?
- Nature
- Nurture
- Much confusion in general public
ACNE Symptoms:
- Comedo—Skin swells over pore
- –Whitehead: swollen skin blocks opening
- –Blackhead: sebum blocks opening - Pustules(papules)—Lesion “erupts”
- Cysts—When pustules invade deeper skin
Infant Acne
Common:
Usually appears 3-4 weeks after birth
Lingers up till 4-6 months of age
Why?: Hormones passed to baby from mom via placenta while in utero
Acne Treatment
Without a prescription: -Washing -Benzoyl peroxide -Salicylic acid With a prescription: -Isotretinoin, a vitamin A derivative (Accutane; Retin-A) -Oral or topical antibiotics -oral contraceptive pills (women)
Acne Prevention & Control
No universal precaution measure
