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Abi Science 2016 > Reactions Of Acids With Bases > Flashcards

Reactions Of Acids With Bases Flashcards

1
Q

What is an exchange reaction?

A

When the first compound swaps an element with the second molecule during a reaction

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2
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction?

A

When an acid and a base react together to form a neutral substance

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3
Q

How do we use neutralisation reactions in industry?

A

To reduce the effects of chemical waste

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4
Q

What does adding a base to an acid do?

A

It raises the pH

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5
Q

What does adding an acid to a base do?

A

It lowers the pH

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6
Q

What is the pH of carbon dioxide?

A

Acid

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7
Q

What is the pH of sulphur dioxide?

A

Acid

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8
Q

What is the pH of a metal hydroxide?

A

Base

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9
Q

What is the pH of a metal carbonate?

A

Base

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10
Q

What happens when an acid reacts with a metal oxide?

A

A neutralisation reaction happens

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11
Q

What is produced during a reaction between a metal oxide and an acid?

A

Water

A salt

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12
Q

How does one determine the type of salt created?

A

The metal in the metal oxide and the negative ion in the acid

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13
Q

How can soil become acidic?

A

From over use of fertilisers and decaying organic matter

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14
Q

What soil do plants grow best in?

A

pH 6.5-7

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15
Q

How do farmers neutralise the acidity of soil?

A

By adding limestone

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16
Q

How is acid rain formed?

A

When waste products (carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide) are released from factories into the air
These acidic gasses mix with the water vapour in the air and later falls to earth as acid rain

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17
Q

What countries are most affected by acid rain?

A

USA
Canada
India
China

18
Q

How do governments try to deal with acid rain?

A

Putting a tax on factories that emit to many metal oxides

19
Q

Where does the word hydroxide come from?

A

Hydrogen and oxygen

20
Q

What is the elemental order of a hydroxide?

A

The metal
Then the Oxygen
Then the Hydrogen

21
Q

What is the pH of a hydroxide?

A

Basic

22
Q

What is an ion?

A

A molecule that stays together and bonds to things together

23
Q

Why is the oxygen first in a hydroxide?

A

The oxygen is bonded to the metal and the hydrogen is bonded to the oxygen, but the hydrogen is not bonded to the metal

24
Q

What is a salt?

A

A metal bonded with an ion

25
Q

What is the pH of a metal carbonate?

A

Base

26
Q

What is the general equation of an acid and a metal carbonate?

A

Acid + metal carbonate -> salt + carbon dioxide + water

27
Q

What is the pH of lime water?

A

Basic

28
Q

How do you prove the presence of carbon dioxide?

A

Lime water turns milky in the presence of carbon dioxide

29
Q

What is a metal hydroxide?

A

A metal that has bonded to a hydroxide ion

30
Q

What is another name for sodium hydroxide?

A

Caustic soda

31
Q

What is caustic soda used for?

A

To make soap
To make drain cleaners
To make detergents
To make agricultural chemicals

32
Q

How is a metal hydroxide formed?

A

When a metal reacts with water

33
Q

What is lime water?

A

Calcium hydroxide

34
Q

What is common table salt?

A

Sodium chloride

35
Q

What is limestone?

A

Calcium carbonate

36
Q

What is soda ash?

A

Sodium carbonate

37
Q

What is limestone used for?

A

Building material

Chalk

38
Q

What is soda ash used for?

A

Water softener in detergents

Can be used to remove grease, oil and wine stains

39
Q

What happens when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?

A

Water is formed
Carbon dioxide is formed
A salt is formed

40
Q

What type of reaction occurs between a metal hydroxide and an acid?

A

A neutralisation

41
Q

What happens when carbon dioxide is bubbled through lime water?

A

It will form calcium hydroxide, which turns the water cloudy

Abi Science 2016 (16 decks)

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