Acids and Bases Flashcards
The Arrhenius definition of an acid is a compound which ______, a base, one which _____.
forms H+ in solution
forms OH- in solution
By the Bronsted-Lowry definition, acids ______ and bases ______.
are species which donate hydrogen ions, and a base accepts them
An ______ acid/base is necessary a _____ as well, but the inverse is not necessarily true.
Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry
Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases occur in ____
pairs, always
A Lewis Acid is an A______
Acceptor of electrons
Acid/base definitions, from most inclusive to least:
Lewis, Bronsted-Lowry, Arrhenious
An ______ species is one that reacts like ______ in a _____ environment, and vice-versa.
amphoteric
a base, acidic
Acids formed from anions with names that end in -ide have the prefix hydro- and the ending - __.
ic
flouride becomes hydrofluoric acid
If an oxyanions ending in -ite (____ ____), the acid will end with -___ acid.
less oxygen
-ous acid
If the anion ends in -ate (_____ _____), the acid will end with - ____ acid.
more oxygen
-ic acid
For water at ____K, the water dissociation constant, Kw, has been experimentally determined to be ____. Given that each mole of water which autoionizes produces one mole each of hydronium and hydroxide ions, the conc of each is _______ in pure water or a neutral solution. If, however, the solution is acidic/basic, so long as the temp is still ______, the product of these two ion concentrations will always equal ____.
298K (25C) 10^-14 10^-7 298K 10^-14
Being an equilibrium constant, Kw is dependent only on changes in ______.
temperature
With a temperature above 298, Kw will ________, for the autoionization of water has an __________ nature.
increase, endothermic
pH + pOH =
14 at 298K
T/F: pH 7 is only neutral at STP
F: pH 7 is only neutral at 298K. Isolated changes in conc, pressure, or volume will not affect Kw.
