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Question 1

What is velopharyngeal closure?

Answer 1

sphincteric activity that takes place in the nasopharynx and involves movements of soft palate and pharyngeal walls.

Question 2

what happens to the soft palate in velopharyngeal closure?

Answer 2

elevated/retracted

Question 3

VP closure- coronal

Answer 3

mainly the soft palate moving back

Question 4

VP closure- saggital

Answer 4

mainly the lateral pharyngeal walls moving in

Question 5

VP closure- circular

Answer 5

equal contribution from lateral pharyngeal walls and soft palate

Question 6

VP closure- Circular with Passavant’s Ridge:

Answer 6

contribution from posterior wall makes for complete circular pressure.

Question 7

Main muscles of velopharyngeal closure

Answer 7

(PULS)
Palatopharyngeus
Uvulus
Levator veli palatinis  
Superior pharyngeal constrictor

Question 8

Levator veli palatini

Answer 8

elevates and retracts soft palate.

Question 9

Uvulus

Answer 9

bulk and changes palate shape.

Question 10

Palatopharyngeus

Answer 10

narrows vp port; brings soft palate down during swallowing

Question 11

Superior pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 11

affects inward movement of lateral pharyngeal walls

Question 12

Stigmata for a submucous cleft palate

Answer 12

• Bifid uvula
• Midline lucency (soft palate, hard palate, or both)
• Notch in bony palate
• Levator insertion onto bony palate

Question 13

The role of the adenoid pad in velopharyngeal closure in child vs adult

Answer 13

• Minimal adenoid in adult
• Adenoid present in children
• VP closure for adults; Veloadenoidal closure for children until puberty

Question 14

Where is the adenoid pads?

Answer 14

• The adenoid pads (or tonsils) are above the level of the soft palate.

Question 15

T/F the adenoid pad is visible intra-orally

Answer 15

False

Question 16

Innervation of the soft palate comes from what branch of what CN

Answer 16

pharyngeal branch CN X