Henry VIII - Religious Changes 1529-1547

Question 1

Was the Church unpopular?

Answer 1

No, H8 wanted to get divorce + acquire Church’s wealth.

Question 2

1533: Break with Rome + Act in Restraint of Appeals

Answer 2

Act in Restraint of Appeals: “This realm of England is an empire.”

Question 3

1534: Act of Supremacy + Act of Succession

Answer 3

H8 - head of English Church. Succession: first marriage - invalid. Cranmer - Arch of Canterbury. TC - King’s Deputy in Church Affairs.

Question 4

1534: Treason Act
1534: Act of Submission of Clergy

Answer 4

Made it a cime to criticise the changes, marriage and succession.
Needed King’s licence and assent to pass church laws.

Question 5

Swings between Catholicism + Protestantism

Answer 5

1536-39: Prots, 1539-40: Caths, 1541-43: Confusion, 1544-47: Prot

Question 6

Dissolution of the Monasteries

Answer 6

800 before dissolution. Social role as centres of education + charity. However, they became corrupt + used servants, whilst they got drunk + wasted money they gained from rent.

Question 7

1536: Valor Ecclesiasticus

Answer 7

Survey of religious houses, exaggerated corruption + decay. Showed that monasteries had potential to double H8’s income + and increased crown land.

Question 8

Why did H8 dissolve the monasteries?

Answer 8

Finance, Corruption, Power, Centres of Catholic Resistance.

Question 9

1536: Dissolution of Smaller Monasteries

Answer 9

Closed monasteries with land valued at under £200 pa, whilst it praised the bigger monasteries.

Question 10

1539: Dissolution of Larger Monasteries

Answer 10

All monasteries closed, except Chantries. 1540: Court of Augmentations: Richard Rich as Chancellor to handle income of dissolved monasteries. Ended tradition stretching back 5 centuries. Monasteries made up 10% of wealth of kingdom, which H8 used for war. However, less taxes paid, but nobility gained. Less learning, less social welfare. Monks found jobs in great Catholic families.

Question 11

1536: Ten Articles of Faith

Answer 11

Similar to Martin Luther’s Articles, introduced Protestant ideas. Enforced by two sets of Royal Injunctions in 1536 + 1538.

Question 12

1537: Bishops’ Book

Answer 12

Encouraged Protestantism + gave advice on implementing Ten Articles.

Question 13

1537: English Bible

Answer 13

Cromwell published Myles Coverdale’s English translation of the Bible.

Question 14

1538: Royal Proclamation

Answer 14

Every parish church ordered to have a Bible.

Question 15

1539: Act of Six Articles

Answer 15

Enforces Catholic doctrine on six issues, e.g. transubstantiation and clerical celibacy.