Chapters 1-4

Question 1

What are the five characteristics of living things?

Answer 1

need for energy and materials
Maintains homeostasis
Responds to environment
reproduce and develop
have adaptation

Question 2

define homeostasis

Answer 2

the maintenance of balance of internal biological conditions

Question 3

what are examples of conditions which must be maintained in order for homeostasis to take place

Answer 3

temperature, moisture level, acidity…

Question 4

What is the most basic unit of matter?

Answer 4

Atoms

Question 5

Molecules are made up of

Answer 5

Atoms bonded together

Question 6

The smallest, most basic unit of life is

Answer 6

The cell

Question 7

What is the order of the levels of the organization of life from starting from the smallest

Answer 7

Atomic, Molecular, Cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

Question 8

define tissue

Answer 8

a group of different types of cells working together for a common function

Question 9

define organs

Answer 9

a group of different tissues working together for a common function

Question 10

a group of organs working together for a common function is called a/an

Answer 10

organ system

Question 11

define species

Answer 11

a group of organisms which is able to interbreed

Question 12

a group of a particular species in a particular area is said to be a

Answer 12

population

Question 13

a community is a

Answer 13

group of interacting populations in a particular area

Question 14

all biotic and abiotic things interact together in an

Answer 14

ecosystem

Question 15

define biosphere

Answer 15

regions of the Earth’s crust, waters and atmosphere

Question 16

describe the basics of the flow of energy

Answer 16

sun—>producers complete photosynthesis——>consumers eat producers or lower level consumers…consumers die and energy is lost

Question 17

Energy is lost as it works its way up the trophic levels in the form of

Answer 17

heat

Question 18

How do chemicals cycle within an ecosystem?

Answer 18

death, decomposition, inorganic materials returned to producers

Question 19

Nearly all energy on the Earth originates from the

Answer 19

sun

Question 20

define energy

Answer 20

the ability to do work

Question 21

the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in the cell is called

Answer 21

metabolism

Question 22

Pulling your hand back when you touch a hot plate is an example of..

Answer 22

response to environment

Question 23

the fact that life only comes from life tells us that organisms must

Answer 23

reproduce

Question 24

Single celled organisms reproduce how?

Answer 24

through asexual reproduction, making an exact replica of itself

Question 25

sexual reproductions takes place in

Answer 25

most multicellular organisms

Question 26

sexual reproduction takes play by

Answer 26

a male haploid cell (sperm) and female haploid cell (egg) fusing

Question 27

What is a gene?

Answer 27

a gene is a segment of DNA coding for the synthesis of specific protiens

Question 28

define mutation

Answer 28

inheritable changes in the genetic information

Question 29

How are adaptations related to mutations

Answer 29

if a mutation takes place which makes an organism better suited for an environment, that organism is more likely to survive and pass on its genetic information to offspring

Question 30

Give an example of a physical adaptation

Answer 30

wings for swimming instead of flying (penguins)

Question 31

give an example of a behavioral adaptation

Answer 31

carrying eggs instead of leaving them rest

Question 32

How are adaptations related to evolution?

Answer 32

adaptations provide the framework for evolution. as adaptations are passed down over generations the population will change becoming more suited for their environment

Question 33

define evolution

Answer 33

when a population develops from modifications that caused adaptation to an environment. common descent with modification

Question 34

also known as survival of the fittest, this proscess makes modifications/adaptations possible

Answer 34

Natural selection

Question 35

Who is the scientist that developed the theory of natural selection?

Answer 35

Charles Darwin

Question 36

What chain of islands is famous for providing Darwin with a bulk of evidence for natural selection?

Answer 36

Galapagos Islands

Question 37

the discipline of identifying and grouping organisms following certain rules is known as

Answer 37

Taxonomy

Question 38

The study of evolutionary relationships is known as

Answer 38

systematics

Question 39

In classificaiton what is the most inclusive group?

Answer 39

Domains

Question 40

What are the three domains?

Answer 40

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya