Persecution of Jews 1933-39

Question 1

What was the idea behind the master race?

Answer 1

The Germans descended from Herrenvolk and are Aryans, pure, with blue eyes, blonde hair, and a tall athletic build. They were made by God with a special purpose.

Question 2

What was the idea behind subhumans?

Answer 2

These are untermenschen - portrayed as evil money-makers who would conspire to destroy the world.

Question 3

Hitler was going to ….. the Jewish race and have …. breeding with men from the … who were racially pure in order to promote the …. race.

Answer 3

Destroy, selective, SS, Aryan

Question 4

In schools the Ministry of … controlled the education. Teachers were made to promote …. messages in lessons and textbooks were published by the Ministry with anti-Semitic messages.

Answer 4

Education, anti-Semitic

Question 5

Why were Jews hated in the Middle Ages?

Answer 5

• They were different.
• Rich- this caused resentment in those who owed them money.
• Responsible for Christ’s execution as accused by Christians.

Question 6

Why did Hitler hate the Jews in Vienna in 1920s?

Answer 6

• They were rich and as an ordinary earner Hitler resented this.
• Hitler used the Jews as a scapegoat for the Wall Street Crash and Hyperinflation.

Question 7

In …. 1933, there was a boycott on Jewish business. Members of the … would paint ‘…..’ on the windows and intimidate those who considered going to these shops. In … 1933, Jewish civil servants, university teachers, and lawyers were sacked.

Answer 7

April, SA, Jude, September.

Question 8

In …. the professional activities of Jews were limited, such as d….ts, ac…..ants… In 1937 Hitler publicly …. the Jews.

Answer 8

1936, dentists, accountants, attacked.

Question 9

What Nuremberg Laws were introduced in September 1935?

Answer 9

Reich Law on Citizenship - Only Germans citizens, Jews lost the right to vote or hold public office.
Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honour - sexual relations and marriage banned with Aryans and Jews to prevent tainting the pure race.

Question 10

In …. 1936, Jewish teachers were banned from teaching ….. privately.
In November 1938, Jewish students could get …..

Answer 10

October, students, expelled.

Question 11

In 1938, …. was added to female passports and …. for male passports. Jews had to carry …. cards and had to … possessions making it easier to confiscate these.

Answer 11

Sarah, Israel, identity.

Question 12

When were Jews banned from public spaces such as swimming pools and playing fields?

Answer 12

1934.

Question 13

What was the cause of Kristallnacht? (1938)

Answer 13

On 8th November, Herschel Grynszpan walked into the German Embassy in Paris and shot a German official in protest of the treatment of his parents in Poland.

Question 14

What did the Nazis do in response to the shooting?

Answer 14

On 9th November 1938, the Nazis organised anti-Jewish protests where Jewish businesses, synagogues, homes, and properties had windows broken. 100 Jews were killed and 20,000 sent to concentration camps.

Question 15

As a result of Kristallnacht the Nazis fined the Jews $… billion in reparations, they banned Jews from …. …… or shops, and Jewish children could no longer attend …… ……

Answer 15

1, owning businesses, Aryan schools

Question 16

In 1939, Jews were made to give up precious metals and jewellery. …. was introduced, the Reich Office for Jewish Emigration, established by Reinhard Heydrich. This involved a scheme to force Jews to emigrate to places including alleged …..

Answer 16

ROJE, Madagascar.

Question 17

What happened on 30 April 1939?

Answer 17

Jews were evicted from homes and sent to ghettos.

Question 18

What happened in September 1939?

Answer 18

Jews had to give in radios so they could no longer listen to foreign broadcasts.

Question 19

Hitler also persecuted the ….. undesireables, including alcoholics, …. delinquents, and homosexuals. He saw those who were unemployed, including the …. ill, tramps, beggars, and the disabled as a …. on the state. As a result Goebbels used propaganda against these groups.

Answer 19

socially, juvenile, mentally, burden,

Question 20

The 1933 …. Law included sterilising those who were accused of ‘simple mindedness,’ and ‘chronic …….,’ by 1945, ….. were sterilised.

Answer 20

Sterilisation, alcoholism, 700,000

Question 21

Concentration camps saw homosexuals, delinquents, and prostitutes sent. In 1938 which groups were added?

Answer 21

Tramps and beggars.

Question 22

The Euthenasia campaign was done in secret. This began in 1939 and included sterilising disabled …., children, and …… Overall, ….. were euthanised.

Answer 22

babies, teens, 7000

Question 23

What were the issues with gypsies and what did Hitler do to target this?

Answer 23

Gypsies were 30,000 in population and were seen as racially inferior. They were workshy and homeless. In 1935, Hitler banned marriage between Gypsies and Aryans and in 1938 he introduced the decree for the ‘Struggle against the Gypsy Plague,’ to make Gypsies register with authorities.