C1 - Cooking and food additives Flashcards
What is denaturing?
Denaturing is when a protein molecule changes shape.
What evidence is there that cooking produces a chemical change?
- it is irreversible so cannot go back to how it was
- taste and texture change
What happens when a potato is cooked?
Its cell walls break down or rupture resulting in a loss of rigid structure and a softer texture.
Why does cooking make potatoes more digestible?
Starch grains burst, swell up and spread so it is easier to digest.
What makes a cake rise when it is being cooked?
Carbon dioxide in the baking powder.
What are the main types of food additives?
- antioxidants used to stop food from reacting with oxygen
- food colourants to give food an improved colour
- emulsifiers to help oil and water mix
What does baking powder break down into?
Sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water.
What os the chemical name for baking powder?
Sodium hydrogen carbonate.
What does hydrophilic mean?
It likes water.
What does an emulsifier have?
A hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.
