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Oral Pathology > Tooth Abnormalities > Flashcards

Tooth Abnormalities Flashcards

1
Q

When do crowns of deciduous teeth develop?

A

14th week of gestation until 12 months of age

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2
Q

When do crowns of permanent teeth develop?

A

6 months until 15 years

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3
Q

Enamel defects in permanent teeth caused by periapical inflammatory disease of the overlying deciduous tooth is called what?

A

Turner’s Hypoplasia

*Most commonly in permanent bicuspids

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4
Q

What is the optimum fluoridation level in drinking water?

A
  1. 7 ppm

* excess fluoride causes fluorosis

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5
Q

What are the two tooth morphologies that are typical of congenital syphilis?

A

1-Hutchinsons incisors (straight edge screw-driver)

2-Mulberry molars

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6
Q

What are the 3 components of the Hutchinsons triad?

A

1-Hutchinsons incisors
2-Keratitis (corneal scarring)
3-8th nerve deafness

*may also see saddle nose

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7
Q

Loss of tooth structure caused by tooth on tooth contact is called?

A

Attrition

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8
Q

Mechanical wearing away of tooth structure is called?

A

Abrasion

*often tooth brushing)

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9
Q

Both attrition and abrasion together such as with chewing tobacco is called what?

A

Demastication

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10
Q

Loss of tooth structure caused by a nonbacterial chemical process is called?

A

Erosion

*Also called Corrosion

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11
Q

Erosion of dental structures due to exposure to gastric secretions is called?

A

Perimolysis

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12
Q

Loss of tooth structure from occlusal stresses and repeated tooth flexure is called?

A

Abfraction or Non-carious cervical lesions

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13
Q

Teeth that are anchored in bone are referred to as?

A

Ankylosis

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14
Q

A single enlarged tooth or joined tooth in which the tooth count is normal when the anomalous tooth is counted as one is called?

A

Gemination

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15
Q

Single enlarged tooth or joined tooth in which the tooth count reveals a missing tooth when the anomalous tooth is counted as one is called?

A

Fusion

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16
Q

Union of adjacent teeth by cementum (no dentin involvement) it is called?

A

Concrescence

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17
Q

When a root is bent, it is referred to as?

A

Dilaceration

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18
Q

An additional cusp found on the lingual of an incisor is called?

A

Talons cusp

*Extra cusps are called accessory cusps

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19
Q

An outcropping, usually found bilaterally on premolars in association with shovel shaped incisors is called what?

A

Dens Evaginatus

*close to 100% in native americans

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20
Q

What are two characteristics of the rare hereditary hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia?

A

1-No or very few sweat glands

2- Anodontia or very few teeth

21
Q

Hypodontia is a lack of one or more teeth. Lack or 6 or more is called?

A

Oligodontia

22
Q

What are the three most commonly congenitally missing teeth?

A

1-3rd molars
2-2nd premolars
3-Lateral incisors

23
Q

What is the most common form of hyperdontia or supernumerary teeth?

A

Mesiodens. Extra tooth between or around maxillary incisors

24
Q

What are two major characteristics of cleidocranial dysplasia?

A

1-Hypoplastic (missing) clavicles

2-Supernumerary impacted teeth

25
Q

Switched teeth are called?

A

Dental transposition

26
Q

Which disease is characterized by premature tooth eruption and traumatic ulcerations of adjacent soft tissues?

A

Riga-Fede

27
Q

What 3 teeth are most frequently impacted?

A

1-Mandibular 3rd molars
2-Maxillary 3rd molars
3-Maxillary canine

28
Q

A deep surface invagination of the crown or root that is lined by enamel is called?

A

Dens-in-dente

29
Q

What is the order of the 5 frequencies in which dens-in-dente occur?

A 
1-permanent lateral incisors
2-central incisors
3-premolars
4-canines
5-molars
30
Q

What 3 teeth most frequently have dilacerated roots?

A

1-mandibular 3rd molars
2-maxillary 2nd premolars
3-mandibular 2nd molars

31
Q

An enlargement of the body and pulp chamber of a multi-rooted tooth, with apical displacement of the pulpal floor is called what?

A

Taurodontism

32
Q

What 3 syndromes are associated with Taurodontism?

A

1-Kleinfelters syndrome
2-Amelogensis imperfecta
3-Tricho-dento-osseous syndrome

33
Q

In addition to Taurodontism, what three other things characterize Tricho-dento-osseous syndrome?

A

1-Kinky hair
2-Osteosclerosis
3-Brittle nails

34
Q

Non neoplastic deposition of excessive cementum that is continuous with the normal radicular cementum is called what?

A

Hypercementosis

*may be caused by occlusal trauma or adjacent inflammation

35
Q

What disease is strongly associated with generalized hypercementosis?

A

Paget’s Disease

36
Q

Developmental alterations in the structure of enamel in the absence of a systemic disorder is known as?

A

Amelogensis imperfecta

37
Q

What are the 3 types of Amelogensis imperfecta?

A

1-Hypoplastic
2-Hypocalcified
3-Hypomaturation

38
Q

Inadequate deposition of enamel matrix in pitting is what type of amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Hypoplastic

*yellow-brown dentin color to the tooth

39
Q

Enamel matrix is laid down and teeth are normal in shape but enamel is soft and chips away resulting in snow-capped, white opaque enamel resulting in what type of amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Hypomaturation

*Surface enamel is agar brown. Is x-linked but varies

40
Q

Which type of amelogensis imperfecta lays down matrix but it is not mineralized giving both pitting and snow capped look to the soft and easily lost enamel?

A

Hypocalcified

*yellow-brown or orange and becomes black with rapid calculus apposition

41
Q

The Hereditary developmental disturbance of dentin in the absence of any systemic disorder is called?

A

Dentinogenesis imperfecta

42
Q

Which mutation is associated with dentinogenesis imperfecta?

A

Dentin sialophosphoprotein gene (DSPP)

43
Q

If dentinogenesis imperfecta is suspected and the patient has blue sclera, what is it?

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta with opalescent teeth

*mutation of the COL1A1 or COL1A2

44
Q

What 4 characteristics are typical of dentinogenesis imperfecta teeth in a radiograph?

A

1-Bulbous crowns
2-Cervical constriction
3-Thin roots
4-Early obliteration of canals and pulp chamber

45
Q

Typically in baby teeth, what is it called when the thinness of enamel dramatically enlarges the pulp?

A

Shell teeth

*does not have apically displaced floor

46
Q

Which type of dentin dysplasia has “rootless teeth”, clinically normal crowns, and looks like a stream flowing around boulders in a microscope?

A

Type I dentin dysplasia

*Autosomal dominant

47
Q

Which type of dentin dysplasia is similar to DI but has altered pulp anatomy (thistle tube-shaped and pulp stones)?

A

Type II dentin dysplasia

*Autosomal dominant

48
Q

A localized, non-hereditary developmental abnormality of teeth resulting in “ghost teeth” is called what?

A

Regional Odontodysplasia

Oral Pathology (18 decks)

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