Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Abnormal Psychology > Chapter 10 - Eating Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Eating Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

development of morbid fears of fatness, perceive themselves as fat, and reduce their food intake to the point of the state of being abnormally thin or weak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

periods of food restriction alternate with periods of binge eating, where excessive amounts of food are consumed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

binge-eating disorder

A

rapidly, eating until uncomfortably full, eating despite not being hungry, eating alone because of embarrassment etc. and then feeling guilty or disgust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what kind of fear do people with anorexia have

A

intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ARFID

A

characterized by a feeding disturbance that leads to being underweight and/or an inability to eat enough food to meet nutritional/energy needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

purging

A

self-induced vomiting, laxative abuse, or abuse of enemas or diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

objective binge

A

consists of eating a large amount of food in a specific time period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

subjective binge

A

small or normal amounts of food during these episodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what kind of binge eating do bulimic individuals engage in

A

objective binge eating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

BMI

A

weight in kilos/height in metres squared

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

restricting type

A

attain extremely low body weights through strict dieting and sometimes excessive exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

binge-eating/purging type

A

engage in strict dieting, sometimes excessive exercise but also regular binge eating/purging behaviors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what two things is bulimia nervosa characterized by

A

1) eating in a 2 hour period and an amount of food that is deemed more than normal
2) sense of lack of control over eating during episode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

eating disorder examination

A

structured clinical interview for diagnosing eating disorders that has good reliability and validity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

lanugo

A

fine downy hair - may grow on on the body in order to maintain body warmth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of at least three consecutive periods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what disorder does amenorrhea occur the most in

A

anorexia nervosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Russell’s sign

A

scrapes or calluses on the backs of hands or knuckles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what disorder does Russell’s sign occur most in

A

bulimia nervosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is considered a casual risk factor for the development of an eating disorder

A

thin media images

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

do individuals with anorexia or bulimia have more negative schemas?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

precipitating factors

A

events or situations that trigger the eating disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

perpetuating factors

A

physical and psychological symptoms that serve to maintain the disorder such as reduced basal metabolic rate, depression, social isolation etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

best biological treatment for bulimia nervosa

A

CBT and antidepressant medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

first priority for a patient with anorexia nervosa

A

restore body weight to a healthy minimal level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what can self-help manuals be used for

A

1) for individuals who might not otherwise have access to expert help or may be too embarrassed to access help
2) conjunction with guidance by a non-specialist professional such as a nurse or family doctor
3) as a first step to treatment slivery and for treatment that may be more intense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

history of eating disorders

A

prior to 60s - few eating disorders
60s-70s - increase in cases of anorexia
late 70s - bulimia nervosa
2013 - bing eating disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

symptoms of anorexia nervosa

A

low body weight, fear of gaining weight, body image disturbance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

symptoms of bulimia nervosa

A

objective binge eating episodes, inappropriate compensatory behaviour, undue influence of body shape/weight on self evaluation, not exclusively during AN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

how long must symptoms show for BN

A

at least a week for three months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

are people with BN usually normal weight or slight overweight?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

BED symptoms

A

eating more rapidly, eating until uncomfortably full, eating large amounts when not hungry, eating alone because embarrassed by amount, feeling disgusted/depressed/or very guilty afterwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

requirements for BED

A
  • recurrent binge eating at least once a week for three months
  • at least three symptoms
  • no regular use of inappropriate compensatory behaviours
  • not during BN or AN
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

is ARFID due to weight or shape concerns or body image disturbance

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

criteria for other eating disorders

A
  • atypical AN, BN/BED with low frequency or limited duration, purging disorder, night-eating disorder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

are eating disorders more prevalent in men or women

A

women - 2-3x more common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

age onset of AN

A

19

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

age onset of BN

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

age onset of BED

A

25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

are interviews more accurate than self-report measures

A

yes

41
Q

complications of AN

A

osteoporosis, heart problems, lethargy, hair loss, sensitivity to cold, lanugo, amenorrhea, kidney failure etc

42
Q

consequences of starvations

A

emotional instability, inability to focus, decreased heart rate, lethargy, etc.

43
Q

complications of BN

A

dental problems, electrolyte imbalance, heart and kidney problems, obesity etc

44
Q

complications of BED

A

obesity, risk of diabetes, heart disease, sleep apnea

45
Q

associated features of AN

A

Social withdrawal
Irritability
Preoccupation with food
Depression

46
Q

subtypes of AN

A

restrictive and binge-eating purging

47
Q

Compensatory behaviours

A

Fasting
Excessive exercise
Purging

48
Q

What types of binges take place in BN

A

objective

49
Q

Are compensatory behaviours used in BED

A

no not regularly

50
Q

most common eating disorder

A

BED

51
Q

second most common eating disorder

A

BN

52
Q

Weight of anorexic patients

A

BMI under 18

53
Q

Rarest eating disorder

A

AN

54
Q

Which disorder shows the most gender differences

A

AN

55
Q

Which disorder shows the least gender differences

A

BN

56
Q

What eating behaviours do men participate in the most

A

Binge-eating and excessive exercise

57
Q

Which male group reports the highest level of symptoms

A

middle aged men

58
Q

Restrictions in AN

A

Amount of food

Type of food

59
Q

recovery rate in BN

A

50% no symptoms

20% show no change in symptoms

60
Q

How many ED diagnosis can you have at one time

A

one at a time

61
Q

etiology of eating disorders

A

Genetics
Neurotransmitter deregulation
Pre-existing obesity
Psychosocial factors

62
Q

biological factors of eating disorders

A 
Genetics (50%) 
Neurotransmitter deregulation (Dysfunctional serotonin activity)
63
Q

differential diagnosis

A

Must rule out medical reasons for symptoms and MDD

64
Q

What differentiations must be made to diagnosis

A

Is it BN or binge-eating/purging AN?

Is it BED or BN? Are compensations excessive and inappropriate?

65
Q

Psychosocial factors of EDs

A

Physical/ sexual abuse

Personality characteristics

66
Q

Personality characteristics that influence development of EDs

A 
Perfectionism 
Neuroticism 
Punishment avoidance 
Sensitivity to social rewards 
Negative urgency 
Low extraversion 
Level of Impulsivity
67
Q

Neuroticism

A

personality trait characterized by anxiety, fear, moodiness, worry, envy, frustration, jealousy, and loneliness.

68
Q

Negative urgency

A

Tendency to act rashly when distressed

69
Q

extraversion

A

Measure of outgoingness and social ability of a person

70
Q

family factors

A

Family history of EDs
High parental expectations
Transmission of pathological values (value on weight and attractiveness)
Miscommunication (Mothers can give false/ inaccurate info)
Family relationships

71
Q

sociocultural factors

A

Thin ideal

Thin ideal > increased body dissatisfaction > increased risk of disorder

72
Q

How does the media portray eating disorders

A

Young White females
Rarely discuss bad aspects
Never see biological/genetic reasons for the disorder

73
Q

Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa

A 
Family based treatments (Most Effective) 
CBT for relapse prevention 
Focal psychoanalytical therapy 
Motivational interviewing 
Specialist supported clinical management
74
Q

Family based treatment

A

3 phases involving family

  1. Weight restoration
  2. Return of eating control
  3. Promote normal development (Non-weight based identity)
75
Q

Who is family based treatment effective for

A

Teens

76
Q

Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa

A 
CBT (Most Effective) 
Interpersonal therapy 
Family-based treatment 
Motivational enhancement 
Dialectical behaviour treatment
77
Q

CBT for BN

A

Reduce dysfunctional dieting
Develop skills to deal with high risk situations
Modify thoughts and feelings about shape and weight

78
Q

How does CBT reduce dysfunctional dieting

A

Promote moderation

Nothing is completely good food or bad food

79
Q

Theory behind CBT for BN

A

Dietary restriction + negative emotions = binge-eating/purging

80
Q

Treatment of BED

A 
CBT 
Interpersonal therapy 
Behavioural weight loss 
Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (Most Effective) 
Motivational interviewing
81
Q

Behavioural Weight loss

A

There is a good and bad foods list

Evidence based treatment

82
Q

dialectical behaviour therapy

A

Emotion regulation

3 Components

83
Q

components of DBT

A

Group Skills Training
Individual Therapy
Telephone Coaching

84
Q

goals of DBT in BED

A

Mindfulness
Distress Tolerance
Emotion Regulation
Interpersonal Effectiveness

85
Q

what is mindfulness in DBT

A

Learn that negative emotions are brief states

86
Q

Distress Tolerance in DBT

A

Learn skills to help yourself through a crisis

87
Q

Emotion Regulation in DBT

A

Reduce vulnerability to negative emotions

88
Q

Interpersonal Effectiveness in DBT

A

Develop relationship skills

89
Q

levels of prevention

A

Universal
Selected
Indicated

90
Q

universal prevention

A

Targets cultural attitudes and practices

Main focus are public institutions and public policies

91
Q

Selected Prevention

A

Targets high risk groups

92
Q

indicated prevention

A

Targets people showing early warning signs

Girls with high weight/shape concerns

93
Q

Dissonance-based Prevention programs

A

Have people critique the thin ideal

Reduce discrepancy between beliefs and actions

94
Q

What levels of prevention are most effective

A

indicated and Selected

95
Q

Which group benefits the most from prevention programs

A

adolescents

96
Q

Are interactive or presentation(didatic) based prevention more effective

A

interactive

97
Q

types of binges in AN

A

subjective

98
Q

Should prevention focus on teaching about EDs

A

More effective when they are focused on body acceptance

Abnormal Psychology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions