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Human Anatomy > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

properties of muscle tissue

A
  • excitability
  • contractility
  • elasticity
  • extensibility
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2
Q

respond to stimuli through electrical changes

A

excitability

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3
Q

stimulation causes tension within the cell, may cause the cell to shorten

A

contractility

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4
Q

able to return to original length when tension is released

A

elasticity

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5
Q

able to extend in length during contraction of opposite cells

A

extensibility

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6
Q

functions of skeletal muscle system

A
  • body movement
  • maintenance of posture
  • temperature regulation
  • storage and movement of materials
  • support
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7
Q

bundles of muscle fibers

A

fascicles

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8
Q

made up of connective tissue layers; attaches muscle to bone, skin or another muscle; usually thick and cord like

A

tendon

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9
Q

thin, flattened, sheet-like tendon

A

aponeurosis

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10
Q

less mobile attachment point

A

origin

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11
Q

more mobile attachment point

A

insertion

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12
Q

the neurotransmitter

A

acetylcholine

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13
Q

all of the muscle fibers that are controlled by one motor neuron

A

motor unit

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14
Q

muscle that contracts to produce a particular movement

A

agonist -or- prime mover

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15
Q

muscle whose actions oppose the agonist

A

antagonist

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16
Q

muscle that assists the agonist

A

synergist

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17
Q

origin of masseter

A

zygomatic arch

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18
Q

insertion of masseter

A

coronoid surface, mandible

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19
Q

action of masseter

A

prime mover of jaw closure

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20
Q

origin of stylohyoid

A

styloid process

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21
Q

insertion of stylohyoid

A

hyoid bone

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22
Q

action of stylohyoid

A

elevates hyoid bone

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23
Q

origin of sternocleidomastoid

A

sternum & clavicle

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24
Q

insertion of sternocleidomastoid

A

mastoid process

25
Q

action of sternocleidomastoid

A

flexes neck

26
Q

origin of external intercostals

A

superior rib

27
Q

insertion of external intercostals

A

inferior rib

28
Q

action of external intercostals

A

elevate ribs during inhalation

29
Q

origin of rectus abdominis

A

superior surface of pubis

30
Q

insertion of rectus abdominis

A

xiphoid process of sternum

31
Q

action of rectus abdominis

A

compresses abdominal wall

32
Q

origin of pectoralis minor

A

ribs 3-5

33
Q

insertion of pectoralis minor

A

coracoid process of scapula

34
Q

action of pectoralis minor

A

protracts scapula

35
Q

origin of infraspinatus

A

infraspinous fossa of scapula

36
Q

insertion of infraspinatus

A

greater tubercle of humerus

37
Q

action of infraspinatus

A

adducts arm

38
Q

origin of brachialis

A

distal anterior surface of humerus

39
Q

insertion of brachialis

A

tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna

40
Q

action of brachialis

A

primary flexor of forearm

41
Q

origin of extensor digitorum

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

42
Q

insertion of extensor digitorum

A

digits 2-5

43
Q

action of extensor digitorum

A

extends wrist

44
Q

origin of flexor carpi radialis

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

45
Q

insertion of flexor carpi radialis

A

palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum

46
Q

action of flexor carpi radialis

A

flexes wrist

47
Q

origin of gluteus maximus

A

iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx

48
Q

insertion of gluteus maximus

A

linea aspera and gluteal tuberosity of femur

49
Q

action of gluteus maximus

A

extends thigh

50
Q

origin of adductor longus

A

pubis near pubic symphysis

51
Q

insertion of adductor longus

A

linea aspera of femur

52
Q

action of adductor longus

A

adducts thigh

53
Q

origin of rectus femoris

A

anterior inferior iliac spine

54
Q

insertion of rectus femoris

A

patella, tibial tuberosity

55
Q

action of rectus femoris

A

extends leg

56
Q

origin of gastrocnemius

A

lateral and medial condyles of femur

57
Q

insertion of gastrocnemius

A

calcaneus

58
Q

action of gastrocnemius

A

flexes leg

59
Q

steps of muscle contraction

A

1- motor neuron stimulates the muscle fiber
2- message travels from neuron to sarcolemma to t-tubules to sarcoplasmic reticulum
3- calcium stored in the SR is released
4- calcium binds to proteins on actin, opening up binding sites
5- myosin crossbridges latch on to actin
6- myosin uses ATP to pull actin
7- actin and myosin slide together causing the muscle fiber to shorten

Human Anatomy (5 decks)

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