Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Anatomy > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

1
Q

chemical messengers that regulate the activities of other cells in the body

A

hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cells that have receptors for hormones to bind to

A

target cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

organ containing target cells or tissue

A

target organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

chain of amino acids; most common type of hormone

A

`peptide hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

small molecules derived from a specific amino acid

A

biogenic amines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hormone derived from cholesterol

A

steroid hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a stimulus stars a process and eventually either the hormone or a product of its effects causes the process to slow down or turn off

A

negative feedback loop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

stimulus that accelerates the initial process

A

positive feedback loop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

part of pancreas that produces hormones

A

pancreatic islets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ovaries for the female

testes for the male

A

gonads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

gastrointestinal tract - digestive tract

includes: mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

A

alimentary canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

everything else not included in the GI tract

include: teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver, and pancreas

A

accessory digestive organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

introducing food into the oral cavity

A

ingestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

waves of contraction and relaxation of muscles in the organ walls

A

peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

churning and mixing movements

A

segmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

chewing, mixing, and churning food

A

mechanical digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

catabolic breakdown of food

A

chemical digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

elimination of indigestible solid wastes

A

defecation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

functions of the oral cavity

A

ingestion, mastication, deglutition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

chewed food plus saliva

A

bolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

functions of pharynx

A

propulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

functions of esophagus

A

propulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

functions of stomach

A

propulsion, mechanical digestion, secretion, chemical digestion, storage of food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

secretory fluid that breaks down proteins

A

enzyme pepsin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

semi liquid mixture of gastric juices and food

A

chyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

functions of small intestine

A

chemical digestion of all food, absorption of food through villi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

functions of large intestine

A

storage and elimination of waste, reabsorption of water, ions, and some vitamins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

lining of organs in the abdomin

A

visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

lining of abdominal wall

A

parietal peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

double-layered portions of the peritoneum

A

mesenteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

functions of saliva

A

moisten food; cleaning of mouth and teeth

32
Q

helps reduce bacterial growth

A

lysozyme

33
Q

function of liver

A

storage of glucose; formation of blood plasma proteins; synthesis or urea; modification of fats; destruction of red blood cells; detoxification of harmful substances; manufactures bile; storage of vitamins and iron

34
Q

liver cells

A

hepatocytes

35
Q

inflammation caused by drugs, alcohol, or infection

A

hepatitis

36
Q

chronic disease in which active liver cells are replaced by scar tissue

A

cirrhosis

37
Q

function of gall bladder

A

storage and release of bile for digestion

38
Q

function of pancreas

A

secretes powerful digestive juice called pancreatic juice into duodenum; secretes neutralizing fluid

39
Q

functions of urinary system

A

filter waste products from blood and convert filtrate into urine; storage of urine; excretion of urine; regulation of blood volume; regulation of red blood cell production

40
Q

space behind peritoneum

A

retroperitoneal space

41
Q

functional unit of kidney

A

nephron

42
Q

consists of cells in afferent arteriole and DCT; releases renin to regulate blood pressure

A

juxtaglomerular apparatus

43
Q

released to regulate blood pressure

A

renin

44
Q

3 processes of urine formation

A

filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion

45
Q

water and solutes move out of glomerulus into capsule

A

filtration

46
Q

substances in filtrate returns to blood

A

tubular reabsorption

47
Q

active transport of solutes out of blood into tubular fluid

A

tubular secretion

48
Q

triangular area of urinary bladder wall which does not change or move during filling or evacuation of bladder

A

trigone

49
Q

urethral sphincter that is involuntarily controlled

A

internal urethral sphincter

50
Q

urethral sphincter that in voluntarily controlled

A

external urethral sphincter

51
Q

compare female and male urethra

A

female: transports urine; 3-5 cm long
male: transports urine and semen; 18-20 cm long; 3 different segments

52
Q

the expulsion of urine from the bladder

A

micturition

53
Q

primary sex organs

A

gonads

54
Q

sex cells produced by gonads

A

gametes

55
Q

female sex hormones

A

estrogen and progesterone

56
Q

male sex hormones

A

androgens

57
Q

puberty is initiated when the hypothalamus releases this hormone

A

gonadotropin-releasing hormone

58
Q

the diamond shaped area between the things, pubic symphysis, ischialtuberosities, and coccyx

A

perineum

59
Q

contains oocyte and follicle cells

A

ovarian follicles

60
Q

the maturation of a primary oocyte to a secondary oocyte

A

oogenesis

61
Q

monthly series of events associated with the maturation of an egg

A

ovarian cycle

62
Q

series of cyclic changes that the uterine endometrium goes through each month in response to ovarian hormones in the blood

A

the uterine cycle

63
Q

external genitalia of the female reproductive season

A

vulva

64
Q

the process of releasing breast milk

A

lactation

65
Q

lactation is stimulated by…

A

prolactin and oxytocin

66
Q

group of blood vessels, nerves, ductus deferens, and layers of fascia that connect to the testes

A

spermatic cord

67
Q

part of testes that give rise to sperm cells

A

seminiferous tubules

68
Q

lie between the seminiferous tubules and produce the male hormones

A

interstitial cells

69
Q

the process of sperm development that occurs in the seminiferous tubules

A

spermatogenesis

70
Q

combination of sperm and seminal fluid

A

semen

71
Q

the secretions of the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands

A

seminal fluid

72
Q

cylindrical units of erectile tissue

A

corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum

73
Q

the process of the erectile bodies becoming rigid

A

erection

74
Q

nervous system control of erection

A

parasympathetic stimulation

75
Q

process of expulsion of semen from penis

A

ejaculation

76
Q

nervous system control of ejaculation

A

sympathetic stimulation

77
Q

homologies between the male and female systems

A

ovaries-testes
clitoris-glans of penis
labia majorum-scrotum
vestibular glands-bulbourethral glands

Human Anatomy (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions