Exam 1

Question 1

OT soul (nepesh)

Answer 1

The soul is the living individual, not in the sense of an indestructible spiritual substance, but in the sense of concrete, needy, physical life (Ps. 42:1).

Question 2

OT spirit (ruach)

Answer 2

It refers to the vital powers or strength of a person. Spirit can sustain in times of trouble (Prov. 18:14) and without it a person returns to dust (Job 34:14-15). It speaks of the human affinity for God.

Question 3

OT flesh (basar)

Answer 3

Flesh is the physical form of living, never as opposed to the self, but as the proper medium of spiritual and personal life.

Question 4

OT heart (leb)

Answer 4

The heart is the focus of the personal life, the reasoning, responding, deciding self. It is the deepest center of the human person, the driving force, the most fundamental values from which our acts and attitudes come (Prov. 4:23)

Question 5

Pauline body (soma)

Answer 5

1) Physical whole of a human or animal
2) Organic whole, group considered collectively
3) Person turned outward in action

Question 6

Pauline soul (psuche)

Answer 6

Soul (psuche) describes the person as a created being living according one’s natural existence, especially in reference to the inner life.

Question 7

Pauline spirit (pneuma)

Answer 7

Spirit refers to the whole person committed to God, moved and motivated by God, in fellowship with God.

Question 8

Imago Dei

Answer 8

Structural = personhood
Functional = dominion, obedience, making visible
Relational = love
Teleological = Christlikeness
Amazing Ability and “Awesome Responsibility to Make Visible the Invisible Attributes of the Creator and Redeemer.”

Question 9

Origin of soul: pre-existence

Answer 9

Spirits exist before incarnation.

Question 10

Origin of soul: Creationist

Answer 10

God creates each soul immediately (directly) and places it in the body at conception.

Question 11

Origin of soul: Traducian

Answer 11

Only Adam and Eve are created directly and as whole beings. Humans are procreated as unitary beings.

Question 12

Trichotomy: spirit, soul, body

Answer 12

Spirit = God-consciousness, spiritual capabilities
Soul= affections, desires, reason, emotions, will, self-consciousness
Body= world-consciousness, physical sensory capabilities: feel, taste, smell, hearing, vision

Question 13

Dichotomy

Answer 13

Soul-spirit are used interchangeably as immaterial part of being.

Question 14

Wesleyan sin

Answer 14

Willful transgression of the known law of God

Question 15

Calvinistic sin

Answer 15

Any falling short of God’s standard in act, thought or character

Question 16

Inherited (original) sin

Answer 16

Sinful state or condition into which all humans are born

Question 17

Imputation

Answer 17

To attribute (reckon) guilt or righteousness from another to me/us
Transfer the legal standing of one person to someone else

Question 18

Impartation

Answer 18

Transmission of a substance, character or quality from another to me/us

Question 19

Pervasive Depravity

Answer 19

Everything I do or am is tainted by sinfulness

Question 20

Spiritual Inability

Answer 20

I cannot change my fundamental preference for sin and self, cannot restore relationship with God. I am specifically unable to respond to the gospel apart from the enabling grace of God.

Question 21

Pauline heart

Answer 21

The human person as emotional, intellectual, volitional, moral, religious, etc. It is used to denote that which is central and vital in human nature.

Question 22

Pauline mind

Answer 22

The human person as knowing, thinking, judging self-determining, responsible, etc. In many contexts mind connotes one’s outlook on life, what is called “world-view” today.