Exam 2 Flashcards
Three “Trajectories” of the Atonement
a. Triumph – to the powers (ransom, triumph)
b. Subjective – to humanity (expiation, example)
c. Objective – to God (propitiation, substitution)
Ransom vs. Triumph Views
Ransom: (Irenaeus)
Problem=Satan owns us
Focus=Price to Satan
Satan owned humanity; God bought us back by paying the ransom-Jesus
Triumph: (Luther)
Problem=Bondage to Satan
Focus=Cross as breaking that which held us in bondage in darkness; He destroyed (1) imprisoning power of sin (2) law itself.
God defeats Satan through the Cross; He does NOT pay a price to Satan or legitimize his ownership.
Vicarious vs. Substitutionary Views
Vicarious = “for our benefit”
Substitutionary = “in our place”
Vicarious position is held by Campbell and Forsyth.
Problem=sin needs repentance that we can’t or won’t do.
Solution=Jesus repents for us enabling us to do the same.
Focus=Life of Christ. Death is a tragedy or an example of self-giving.
Define Angel/Demon
Angel = created, finite, personal spirit beings that do God's bidding and can act as his messengers. Demon = created, finite, personal spirit beings that are hostile and actively opposed to God and his kingdom.
Propitiation–hilasterion (3 definitions)
a. Appease the wrath of God by blood: Propitiation (verb)
b. Cleanse people from sin: Expiation (verb)
c. Mercy seat on the altar. (noun)
1) . Place where propitiatory blood was sprinkled
2) . Place where God’s glory is revealed
State/Defend: Demon
Because the Father has rescued us from the dominion of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of light, demons have no legitimate authority over a believer. Because all sin has been forgiven at the Cross all demonic rights over a believer are canceled. However, Christians can fall prey to deception and yield control to a demon. We should resist him by quoting well interpreted Scripture and commanding him to get away.
Support: Col. 1 & 2; Eph. 6; Eph 4:25-27; Matt 4:1-11
State/Defend: Atonement Theme(s)
The atonement is a “symphonic” thing where Jesus provides full appeasement of God’s wrath (propitiation), as a sacrifice takes the penalty of my sin in my place (substitution), and defeats the powers of darkness (triumph). He also provides redemption (bringing captives out of slavery into freedom) and reconciliation (changing alienation for peace with God), cleansing the people from sin and showing us the Father while being a perfect example for our life.
State the themes with brief definitions (taking our penalty in our place) and then in your support deal with substitution and one other theme in depth. In your defend, respond to the divine child abuse objection.
State/Defend: Extent of Atonement
Universal = Christ’s death provided the propitiatory price for the sin of every person. His intent was to make salvation possible for all by providing full payment for sin’s penalty. Nothing will ever be added to Christ’s Cross work. Made payment available for everyone.
First: specific statements that He died for all; 1 Tim 2:6, 1 John 2:2; Heb 2:9
Second: statements that He died for people headed for hell 2 Peter 2:1
Third: two levels of salvation 1 Tim. 4:10
On the Day of Atonement (Lev. 16), the high priest confessed the sins of the whole nation. Were all Israelites saved? No. So there is a provision that is not actualized.
Election
Verb: “To Choose”: Before the foundation of the world, God chose to give certain people every spiritual blessing; Noun: “the chosen”: The people whom God chose before the foundation of the world to receive every spiritual blessing. Note that both Calvinists and Wesleyan-Arminians agree with this definition.
Who makes the decisive choice to be in Christ (election)? (Wesleyan-Arminian vs. Calvinist)
Wesleyan-Arminian: Before the foundation of the world, God, on the basis of foreknown human faith, chose in Christ individuals to be heirs of eternal life.
Calvinist: Before the foundation of the world, God chose certain individuals to be recipients of eternal life solely on the basis of His gracious purpose apart from any human merit or action.
Three Dimensions of Grace
(1) Grace as God’s unmerited favor, unconditional acceptance.
(2) Grace as empowerment or equipping.
(3) Grace related to enlivening and cleansing from sin.
General (Common) Grace
God’s non-redemptive goodness extended to all persons. For example, he provides rain and fruitful seasons for everyone.
Prevenient Grace
Wesleyan belief that “God . . . restores to the sinner the ability to make a favorable response to God. In other words, . . . God in His grace makes it possible for all to be saved.”
Effectual Grace
Calvinist doctrine that is “The gracious act of the Holy Spirit in the heart of the elect that infallibly leads to conviction of sin and belief in the gospel. “
Repentance
A change of mind about who is God and what is truly important in my life.
