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Anatomy NOTES > Day 3 > Flashcards

Day 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Borders of the Inguinal Triangle

A

Ant and lateral: inf epigrastric artery
Inf and lateral: Inguinal ligament
Medial: rectus abdominis

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2
Q

Inguinal Canal borders

A

Ant: rectus EOM aponeurosis
Inferior: transversal is fascia and conjoint tendon
Superior: IO and TA
Inferior: Inguinal ligament

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3
Q

Spermatic cord structures

A

9 structures

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4
Q

Layers of the abdominal wall

A
  1. Skin
  2. camper
  3. scarpa
  4. investing/ deep fascia
  5. EO/1O/TA
  6. transversalis fascia
  7. extra peritoneal fat
  8. Parietal peritoneum
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5
Q

Layers of the scrotum

A

Skin = skin

  1. camper. =dartos muscle
  2. scarpa = dartos muscle
  3. EO= external spermatic fascia
  4. IO= cremaster muscle
  5. TA: none
  6. transversalis fascia = internal spermatic fascia
  7. extra peritoneal fat = none
  8. Parietal peritoneum- tunica vaginalis
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6
Q

STRUCTURES that are 10 inches long

A

Esophagus
Descending colon
Duodenum

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7
Q

Spleen location

A

9th to 11th left rib

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8
Q

Ileal diverticulum caused by persistence of the Vitellius duct

A

Meckel’s diverticulum

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9
Q

Portal vein is the Union of the ______ and _______ behind the neck of the pancreas

A

Splenic vein and Superior mesenteric vein

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10
Q

Between the hilum and greater curvature of stomach and carries the ____________

A

Gastrosplenic ligament

Short gastric and left gastroepiploic vessels

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11
Q

Between spleen and left kidney carries the ______ vessels

A

Splenicorenal ligament

Splenic vessels

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12
Q

Blood supply
Superior rectal
MIddle rectal
Inferior rectal

A

Superior rectal: IMA
MIddle rectal: internal iliac
Inferior rectal: internal pudendal arteries

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13
Q

Kidneys are at the level of

A

T12 to L3

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14
Q

3 coverings of the kidneys

A

Perirenal fat
Gerota’s fascia or Renal fascia
Pararenal fat

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15
Q

3 structures that enter and leave the renal hilum

A

Most anterior: renal vein
Renal artery
Renal pelvis

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16
Q

Related to the anterior surface of the kidney right

A

Supra renal gland, liver, 2nd part of the duodenum, right colic flexors

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17
Q

Related to the anterior surface of the LEFT kidney

A

Supra renal gland, spleen, pancreas, stomach, left colic flexure, jejuni me

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18
Q

Related to the posterior surface of the right kidney

A

Diaphragm, 12th rib, costodiaphragmatic recess of the pleura

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19
Q

Most common location of an ectopic kidney

A

Pelvic

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20
Q

RElated to the posterior surface of the left kidney

A

Diaphragm, 11th to 12th ribs, costodiaphragmatic recess of the pleura

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21
Q

Renal artery branches from the aorta at level

A

L2

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22
Q

Drain into the lateral aortic/para-aortic.lumbar lymph nodes

A

Kidneys, supra renal, gonads

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23
Q

During renal transplantation, the renal artery is anastomoses to ______ and the renal vein is anastomosed to ______

A

Internal iliac artery

External iliac vein

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24
Q

Normal Weight of the adrenal gland

A

4 grams

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25
Q

Three zones of the adrenal cortex and major products

A

Zone glomerulosa: aldosterone
Zona fasciculata: cortisol (thickest layer 75%) with vacuole tend cells
Zona reticularis: androgens

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26
Q

Adrenals are ectoderm all in origin specifically the cortex is from ____ and the medulla is from ______

A

Mesoderm

Neural crest

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27
Q

These structures enter the pelvis crossing the common iliac arteries

A

Ureters

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28
Q

The ureters are crossed by _______ in males

A

Vas deferens

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29
Q

The ureters in females:

A

Turn forward medially beneath the broad ligament and crossed by the uterine artery

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30
Q

The ureter is ________ to the uterine artery

A

Below and behind

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31
Q

Ureters are ______ to the ovarian/testicular artery

A

Posterior

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32
Q

3 ureteric constrictions

A

Where the renal pelvis joins the ureter
Where it crosses the pelvic brim and external iliac artery
Where it pierces the bladder wall

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33
Q

Renal colic is referred over these dermatomes

A

T11 to L2

34
Q

DEVELOPMENT OF THE UROGENITAL SINUS
Vesical part
Pelvi part
Phallic part

A

Vesical part: urinary bladder
Pelvi part: urethra in bladder neck, prostatic and membranous male pats, lower part of the vagina
Phallic part: genital tubercle

35
Q

Pelvic inlet boundaries

A

Lateral iliopectineal line
Anterior: symphysis pubis
Posterior: sacral promontory

36
Q

Pelvic outlet boundaries

A

Anterior: pubic arch
Lateral: ischia like tuberosities
Posterior: tip of the coccyx

37
Q

Passes through the lesser sciatic foramen

A

Pudendal nerve
Nerve to obturator internus
Internal pudendal vessels
Tendon of obturator internus

38
Q

Levator ani muscles

A

Pucoccygeous
Puborectalis
Iliococcygeus

39
Q

Pelvic diaphragm muscles

A

Coccygeus

Levator ani

40
Q

Boundaries of perineum

A 
Ant symphysis pubis
ANTEROLATERAL pubic rami, ischial rami
Lateral: ischial tuberosities
Posterolateral: sacrotuberous ligament
Inferior: sacrum and coccyx
41
Q

Anal triangle components

A

Anal canal
Ischioanal fossa
External anal sphincter

42
Q

Site of convergence of the external anal sphincter, bulbospongiosus muscle, superficial and deep transverse perineal muscle

A

Perineal body

43
Q

Ischioanal fossa boundaries

A

Medial: Levator ani
Lateral: obturator internus muscle and fascia
Base: skin overlying anal triangle

44
Q

Contents of the Ischioanal fossa

A

Fats
Inferior rectal artery and vein
Inferior rectal nerve
Perineal branch of the femoral cutaneous nerve

45
Q

Muscles cut during media lateral episotomy

A

Bulbospongiosus muscle

Transverse perineal muscle

46
Q

Pudendal nerve branches

A

Inferior rectal: perineal skin, EAS, mucous membrane
Dorsal nerve of the penic/clitoris\
Perineal: perineal muscles/skin

47
Q

Hallmark structure of pudendal nerve block during a transnational approach

A

Ischial spine

48
Q

Derivatives of the Wolffian duct

A

Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Epididymis

49
Q

Parades one-heroic duct derivatives

A

Uterus, superior part of the vagina, uterine tubes

50
Q

Functions
Leydig cells:
Sertoli cells:

A

Leydig cells: secretes androgenic hormones: testosterone and androstenedione
Sertoli cells: secretes MIH

51
Q

Contains ovarian follicles

A

Ovarian cortex

52
Q

Lymph drainage of the uterine fund us

A

Paraaortic

53
Q

Lymph drainage of the body and the cervix

A

Internal and external iliac modest

54
Q

Lymph drainage of the vagina

A

Upper internal and external iliac nodes
Middle internal iliac
Lower superficial Inguinal node

55
Q

Genital tubercle elongates to form the following 3 structures

A

Phallus
Labioscrotal swellings
UROGENITAL folds

56
Q

Male and female derivatives of
Phallus
Labioscrotal swellings
UROGENITAL folds

A

Phallus:
Male: penis/corpora cavernous and corpora spongin sum
Female: clitoris

Labioscrotal swellings
Male: scrotum
Female: labia majora (unfused), mons pubis

UROGENITAL folds
Male: spongy urethra, central part of penis
Female: labia minora, frenulum (fused)

57
Q

Borders of the femoral triangle

A

Superior: Inguinal ligament
Medial: adductor longus
Lateral: sartorius
Floor: iliopsoas, pectineus, adductor longus

58
Q

Contents of the femoral triangle

A

Nerve, artery, vein (lateral to medial)

59
Q

Compartments of the femoral sheath

A

Medial: femoral canal
Intermediate: vein
Lateral: artery

60
Q

Boundaries of the adductor Canal

A

Anterior: sartorius
Lateral: vast us medial is
Posterior and medial: adductor longus/Magnus

61
Q

Contents of the adductor canal

A

Femoral artery and vein
Nerve to vast us medial is
Saphenous nerve

62
Q

Boundaries of the popliteal fossa

A

Lateral: Biceps femoris, lateral head of gastrocnemius
Medial: Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus and medial head of the gastrocnemius

63
Q

Contents of the popliteal fossa

A 
Short saphenous vein 
Popliteal artery and vein
Common peroneal nerve
Tibial nerve 
Post cutaneous nerve 
Genicular branch of the obturator nerve
Lymph nodes
64
Q

Unhappy triad of Donoghue

A

ACL
MCL
Medial meniscus

65
Q

Functions of the lobes of the cerebellum

A

Anterior: coordination of limb movements and regulation of muscle tone
Posterior lobe: coordination of voluntary movements
Floculonodular: coordination of paraaxial muscles associated with equilbrium

66
Q

Contents of anterior fossa of the brain

A

CN1, crib reform plate of the ethmoid

67
Q

Superior orbital fissures structures passing through

A

Ophthalmic vein and nerve, CN III, IV, VI

68
Q

Foramen rotundum

A

Maxillary nerve

69
Q

Foramen ovale

A

Mandibular nerve

70
Q

Jugular foramen

A

CN IX,X,XI

71
Q

Hypoglossal canal

A

CN XIII

72
Q

Optic canal

A

CN II, ophthalmic artery

73
Q

Purely sensory CN

A

1,2,8

74
Q

Purely motor CN

A

3,4,6, 11,12

75
Q

Mixed CNS

A

5,7,9,10

76
Q

CNs with parasympathetic component

A

IX, X, VII, III

77
Q

FACIAL VEIN IS THE UNION OF

A

Supra orbital and supratrochlear veins

78
Q

Cavernous sinus contents

A

5 nerves, 1 artery
ICA

Ophthalmic nerve
Maxillary nerve
Oculomotor nerve
Trochlear nerve
Abducens Nerve

OMOTA 2,3,4,6

79
Q

Straight sinus is the union of

A

Great cerebral vein

Superior Sagittal sinus

80
Q

Muscles closing the jaw

A

Masseter
Medial Pterygoid
Temporal is

81
Q

Muscles opening the jaw

A

Lateral pterygoid

Anatomy NOTES (3 decks)

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