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Adult Health 1 - (Josh) > T4 - Eye and Vision Assessment (Josh) > Flashcards

T4 - Eye and Vision Assessment (Josh) Flashcards

1
Q

Eye Refraction:

What are the different types?

A

Emmetropia (ideal)

Hyperopia (farsightedness)

Myopia (nearsightedness)

Astigmatism

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2
Q

Eye Refraction:

What causes Hyperopia (Farsightedness)?

A

lens does not refract light enough

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3
Q

Eye Refraction:

What causes Myopia (Nearsightedness)?

A

lens overbends the light

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4
Q

Pupil:

What is Miosis?

A

pupil constricted when exposed to increased light or close work, such as reading

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5
Q

Pupil:

What is Mydriasis?

A

pupil dilates when exposed to reduced light or looking at distance

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6
Q

Pupil:

— is constriction

— is dilation

A

Miosis

Mydriasis

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7
Q

What is it called when eyes are uneven in size?

A

anisocoria

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8
Q

Health Promotion:

What type of food should we promote for good vision?

A

Fruit

Veggies

  • Red
  • Orange
  • Dark Green
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9
Q

Vision Assessment:

— — assesses visual acuity.

— — assesses near vision

A

Snellen Chart

Rosenbaum Pocket Vision Screener

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10
Q

Vision Assessment:

What does the Ishihara Chart assess?

A

Color vision

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11
Q

What is Arcus Senilis?

A

a narrow opaque band encircling the cornea, common in old age

***caused by fat deposits

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12
Q

What happens to Cornia as we age?

A

flattens, irregular surface of curve

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13
Q

Is yellowing of the lens normal as we age?

A

yes

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14
Q

What is Presbyopia?

A

diminished ability to focus on near objects as we age

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15
Q

As we age, what happens to intraoccular pressure?

A

increases

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16
Q

Diagnostic Tests:

What does a Slit-Lamp Examination do?

A

magnifies the anterior structures

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17
Q

Diagnostic Tests:

What do we do to check for corneal trauma, abrasions or ulcers?

A

Corneal Staining

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18
Q

Diagnostic Tests:

Which test measures Intraoccular Pressure?

A

Tonometry

***can be attached to the Slit-Lamp Device

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19
Q

Diagnostic Tests:

Which test assesses retinal circulation and requires IV Access?

A

Fluorescein Angiography

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20
Q

Diagnostic Test:

Teaching for Fluorescein Angiography

A

Mydriatic eye drops prior

Fluids afterwards to flush contrast media

Skin may appear YELLOW for few hrs afterwards

Urine BRIGHT GREEN after test

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21
Q

Diagnostic Tests:

What is an Electroretinography?

A

graphs retinal response to light stimulation

22
Q

Diagnostic Tests:

What does a Gonioscopy allow visualization of?

A

angle where iris meets cornea

23
Q

Diagnostic Test:

What is purpose of Gonioscopy?

A

determines if Open Angle of Closed Angle Glaucoma

24
Q

Eyelid Disorders:

What is Blepharitis?

A

inflammed, itchy red, eyelid

Greasy scales on brows and lids

25
Q

Eyelid Disorders:

What is Entropion?

A

inward turning of lid causing lashes to rub against eye

***requires surgical correction

26
Q

Eyelid Disorders:

What is Ectropion?

A

outward turning of eyelid

***requires surgery

27
Q

Eyelid Disorders:

— is inward turning of eyelid

— is outward turning of eyelid

A

ENtropion is INward

ECtropion is outward (ek)

28
Q

Eyelid Disorders:

What is term for a Stye?

A

Hordeolum

29
Q

Eyelid Disorders:

What is a Chalazion?

A

inflammation of sebaceous gland in eye

30
Q

Eye Disorders:

What is Keratoconjuctivitis Sicca?

A

Dry Eye Syndrome

changes in tear composition, lacrimal gland dysfunciton or altered tear distribution

31
Q

Eye Disorders:

What drugs can cause Keratoconjuctivitis Sicca?

A

Antihistamines

Beta Blockers

Anticholinergics

32
Q

Eye Disorders:

What diseases can cause Keratoconjuctivitis Sicca?

A

RA

Leukemia

Sarcoidosis

Radiation Burn

33
Q

Eye Disorders:

What is treatment for Keratoconjuctivitis Sicca?

A

Cyclosporine (Restasis)

Artificial Tears

Lubricating Ointment

Surgery

34
Q

Eye Disorders:

What is Trachoma?

A

chronic, bilateral scarring form of Conjuctivitis

35
Q

Eye Disorders:

What bacteria causes Trachoma?

A

Chlamydia Trachomatis

***INFECTION CONTROL!!!

36
Q

Eye Disorders:

What are s/s of Trachoma?

A

tears

photophobia

eyelid edema

37
Q

Eye Disorders:

What is the chief cause of preventable blindness?

A

Trachoma

  • chronic, bilateral scarring form of conjuctivitis
38
Q

Corneal Disorders:

Why does a Corneal abrasion, ulceration or infection need IMMEDIATE treatment?

A

can cause permanent damage

39
Q

Corneal Disorders:

What meds can be given if Cornea is scratched, ulcerated, or infected?

A

anti-infective and steroid eyedrops

40
Q

Corneal Disorders:

— is degeneration of corneal tissue.

A

Keratoconus

***Corneal Ring Transplant

***Keratoplasty (Corneal Transplant)

41
Q

Eye Donation:

What is requirements to donate eyes?

A

free from infectious disease or cancer at time of death

42
Q

Eye Donation:

What do you do to protect potential eye donors at time of death?

A

Elevate HOB 30 degrees

Apply antibiotic eyedrops

Close eyelids and apply small ice pack

43
Q

Cataracts:

— begins at back of the lens

— forms in the center of the lens

— forms in the lens cortex and extends from the outside of the lens to the center.

A

Subcapsular Cataract

Nuclear Cataract

Cortical Cataract

44
Q

Cataracts:

Signs and Symptoms

A

Clouding and Blurring of lens

Opacity makes it difficult to see retina

Visual acuity restricted

NO PAIN or eye redness

45
Q

Cataracts:

Risk Factors

A

Age

Heavy sun exposure

Direct Eye injury

Diabetes

Steroid use

Down Syndrome

46
Q

Cataracts:

What is unique about Cataract Surgery?

A

done with sound waves

they break up the lens, pieces are sucked out, and the capsule remains largely intact

47
Q

Cataracts:

What is the technical name of Cataract Surgery?

A

Phacoemulsification

48
Q

Cataracts - Phacoemulsification:

What should we assess for preoperatively?

A

Medication List

Ability of client to instill eye drops post op

49
Q

Cataracts - Phacoemulsification:

What is Postop care?

A

Antibiotics give subconjuctivally

Eye is unpatched, discharge usually occures within 1 hr

Dark glasses required

Instill antibiotic-steroid eyedrops

Mild itching is normal

PAIN INDICATES COMPLICATIONS

Reduce IOP

Prevent Infection

Assess for bleeding

50
Q

Cataracts - Phacoemulsification:

What are signs of complications?

A

Sharp, sudden pain in eye

Bleeding or increased discharge

Lid swelling

Decreased vision

Flashes of light of floating shapes

51
Q

Slide 45

A

Slide 45

Adult Health 1 - (Josh) (26 decks)

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