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Adult Health 1 - (Josh) > T4 Blueprint - Eye and Vision (Josh) > Flashcards

T4 Blueprint - Eye and Vision (Josh) Flashcards

1
Q

Which types of veggies do we want them to eat?

A

red, orange, and dark green

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2
Q

Snellen Chart assesses — —

Rosenbaum Pocket Chart assesses — —

Ishihara Chart assesses — —

A

visual acuity

near vision

color vision

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3
Q

— is ideal refraction.

A

Emmetropia

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4
Q

— is farsighted (can see far but not up close)

— is nearsighted (can so close but not far off)

A

Hyperopia

Myopia

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5
Q

— is pupil constriction

— is pupil dilation

A

Miosis

Mydriasis

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6
Q

— is uneven pupil sizes.

A

Anixicoria

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7
Q

What are Age-related Structural changes of the eye?

A

Decreased muscle tone

Ectropion and dry eye

Acrus Senilis

Cornea flattens and has irregular surface

Changes in sclera color (bluish due to thinning or yellowish due to fat deposits)

Less ability to dilate pupil

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8
Q

What are Age-related Functional changes to eye?

A

Yellowing

Accomodation gradually lost

Presbyopia (can’t see near)

Far Point decreases

Color perception decreases

IOP increases

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9
Q

— measures IOP. What is normal IOP?

A

Tonometry

10-20 mmHg

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10
Q

Fluorescein Angiography:

What should we teach client?

A

skin will be yellow

urine will be green

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11
Q

— allows visualization of that angle where iris meets cornea and is used to evaluate glaucoma.

A

Gonioscopy

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12
Q

What is a Hordeolum?

A

stye

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13
Q

What is difference between a Hordeolum and a Chalazion?

A

Hordeolum (stye) is painful whereas a Chalazion will decrease in pain over time

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14
Q

What is a Chalazion?

A

inflammation of sebacious gland of eye

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15
Q

How can you cleanse eyelids that have Blepharitis?

A

diluted baby shampoo

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16
Q

Conjunctivitis:

What is the chief cause of preventable blindness?

A

Trachoma

  • chronic, bilateral scarring form of conjunctivitis
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17
Q

Cataracts:

— begins at back of lens

— begins in center of lens

— begins in lens cortex and extends from outside of lens to center

A

Subscapular

Nuclear

Cortical

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18
Q

Are Cataracts painful?

A

no

19
Q

Is redness associated with Cataracts?

A

no

20
Q

Cataracts:

What do we teach client after Phacoemulsification?

A

Antibioitics are given subconjuntivally

Eye is unpatched

Dark glasses required

Mild Itching normal

Pain means there are complications

Prevent infection

Avoid activities that increase IOP

Assess for bleeding

21
Q

Cataracts:

What are activities that increase IOP?

A

Bending from waist

Lifting object heavier than 10 lbs

Sneezing, Coughing

Blowing nose

Straining during BM

Vomiting

Sex

Keeping head in dependent position

Tight shirt collars

22
Q

Cataracts:

What should we teach client regarding cataracts?

A

Avoid heavy sun exposure

Manage diabetes

Avoid steroid use

Monitor for complications

23
Q

Cataracts:

What are complications associated with Cataracts or Cataract surgery?

A

Sharp, sudden eye pain

Bleeding or increased discharge

Lid swelling

Decreased vision

Flashes of light or floating shapes

24
Q

— is loss of peripheral vision

— is loss of central vision

A

Glaucoma

Macular Degeneration

25
Q

Glaucoma:

What are the types?

A

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG)

Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma (PACG)

26
Q

Glaucoma:

— has a gradual onset.

— has a sudden onset (emergency).

A

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG)

Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma (PACG)

27
Q

Glaucoma:

With —, there is no pain at beginning (may have mild HA or eye pain later)

With —, there is sudden, severe pain.

A

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG)

Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma (PACG)

28
Q

Glaucoma:

What is the IOP of POAG?

What is the IOP of PACG?

A

22-32 mmHg

greater than 30 mmHg

29
Q

Glaucoma:

— has colored halos around the eyes.

A

PACG

30
Q

Glaucoma:

— has HA with N/V

A

PACG

31
Q

Glaucoma:

What do we teach about Prostaglandins?

A

Pigmentation of eyes

Really long eyelashes

Speckles

32
Q

Glaucoma:

What do we teach about Brimonidine Tartrate?

A

No MAOIs

Wear Sunglasses

Wait 15 mins after removing contacts

33
Q

Glaucoma:

What do we teach about Timolol?

A

Check blood sugar

Check pulse twice a day and notify if less than 58/min chronically

34
Q

Glaucoma:

Side effects of Pilocarpine (Cholinergic Agonist)?

A

HA

Flushing

Increased saliva

Sweating

35
Q

Glaucoma:

What do we teach about Brinzolamide?

A

ask about Sulfa allergies

Shake before use

36
Q

Eye Meds:

How often are typically applied?

A

q 12 hrs

37
Q

Eye Meds:

What do we do if more than one drop in each eye?

A

wait 10-15 mins b/t drops

38
Q

Eye Meds:

How do we prevent systemic absorption of eye meds?

A

pressure to inner cannula

39
Q

Macular Degeneration:

— AMD is the gradual blockage of retinal cells and is ischemic and necrotic.

A

Dry

40
Q

Macular Degeneration:

— AMD is the growth of new blood vessels that leak blood and fluid.

A

Wet

41
Q

Macular Degeneration:

What are Risk Factors?

A

Smoking

HTN

Female

Family History

Short body stature

Diet low in carotene and Vit E

42
Q

Macular Degeneration:

What is treatment for Dry AMD?

A

Antioxidants

Vit B12

Carotenoids

Vit E

43
Q

Macular Degeneration:

What is treatment for Wet AMD?

A

Bevacizumab injections into vitreous chamber

Laser therapy to seal leaking vessels

44
Q

What are S/S of Retinal Detachment?

A

Sudden flashes of light (photosia)

Floating dark spots

  • **emergency
  • **SURGERY

Adult Health 1 - (Josh) (26 decks)

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