Clinical Refractive Status

Question 1

Emmetropia

Answer 1

Normal

Question 2

Ametropia

Answer 2

Abnormal

Question 3

Myopia

Answer 3

nearsighted
focal point in front of retina
corrected with concave (-)

Question 4

Hyperopia

Answer 4

farsighted
focal point behind retina
corrected with convex (+)

Question 5

Anisometropia

Answer 5

refractive error in each eye is different

Question 6

Myopia Causes

Answer 6

Axial length too long
Focuses too strong
hereditary or environmental

Question 7

Hyperopia Causes

Answer 7

Axial Length too short
Focuses too weakly
Hereditary

Question 8

Isoanisometropia

Answer 8

Both eyes + or -

Question 9

Antimetropia

Answer 9

One eye + and the other -

Question 10

Astigmatism

Answer 10

Light focuses differently along different meridians

Question 11

Regular Astigmatism

Answer 11

Max and min refractive powers separated by 90 degrees

Question 12

Irregular Astigmatism

Answer 12

Max and min refractive powers separated by more or less than 90 degrees

Question 13

Corneal Astigmatism

Answer 13

Differences of curvature on the cornea causes light be be focused wrong

Question 14

Lenticular Astigmatism

Answer 14

Toricity or tilting of lense causes light to be focused wrong

Question 15

With the Rule Astigmatism

Answer 15

Horizontal meridian is flat

Vertical meridian is curved

Question 16

Against the Rule Astigmatism

Answer 16

Horizontal meridian is curved

Vertical meridian is flat

Question 17

What determines refractive status?

Answer 17

Corneal Power, Lense Power, Anterior Chamber Depth, Axial Length

Question 18

Keratometer

Answer 18

Measures curvature of cornea

Question 19

Corneal Topographer

Answer 19

maps the surface curvature of the cornea

Question 20

Ultrasound

Answer 20

Uses soundwaves to measure size and structures of the eye

Question 21

Interferometry

Answer 21

Uses electromagnetic waves to measure size and structure of the eye