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Gross Anatomy > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

Extracellular fluid

A

fluid existing outside of cells

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2
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

circulates within spaces between tissue cells

creates cell’s internal environment

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3
Q

Homeostasis

A

normal physiological boundaries

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4
Q

Functions of Blood

A

Transport- O, CO2, nutrients
Regulation- pH, temp
Protection- against blood loss and foreign toxins

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5
Q

Parts of Blood

A

plasma and formed elements

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6
Q

Components of Blood Plasma

A

90% H20, 10% solutes

proteins, nutrients, vitamins, hormones, electrolytes

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7
Q

Formed Elements

A

erythrocytes and leukocytes and platelets

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8
Q

Homopoiesis

A

making formed elements

in red bone marrow

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9
Q

Hemoglobin

A

transport oxygen and CO2

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10
Q

Erythropoiesis

A

making RBCs

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11
Q

Erythropoietin

A

stimulates erythropoiesis

made in kidneys and liver

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12
Q

Anemia

A

oxygen carrying capacity of blood is reduced through decreased number of RBCs or decreased concentration of hemoglobin

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13
Q

Anemia is a sign of…..

A 
hemorrhage
iron deficiency
sickle cell (hemolytic anemia)
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14
Q

Leukopoiesis

A

Making WBCs

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15
Q

Colony Stimulating Factors

Interleukins

A

stimulates Leukopoiesis

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16
Q

White Blood Cell Functions

A

defend against pathogens
remove toxins and waste
attack abnormal cells

17
Q

Neutrophils and Monocytes

A

fight inflammation and infection via phagocytes

18
Q

Eosinophils

A

fight inflammation in allergic reaction, fight parasitic worms, and phagocytize

19
Q

Basophils

A

fight inflammation in allergic reactions

20
Q

Lymphocytes

A

T-cells (fungi, transplanted and cancer cells), B-cells (bacteria), NK cells (tumor cells)

21
Q

Platelets

A

blood clotting

22
Q

Formation of Platelets

A

requires thrombopoietin

Megakaryoblasts to Metamegakaryocytes to Platelets

23
Q

Hemostasis

A

stopping bleeding

24
Q

Phases of Hemostasis

A

Vascular Spasm
Platelet plug formation
Blood Clotting

25
Q

Vascular Spasm

A

30 min

smooth muscle of vessel wall contracts to slow blood loss

26
Q

Platelet Plug Formation

A

w/in 15 seconds after injury

platelets stick to exposed fibers and each other

27
Q

Coagulation/ Blood Clotting

A

30 sec after injury
coagulation factors
fibrin traps formed elements which makes a clot

28
Q

Requirements for Coagulation

A

Vit K- Liver to make clotting factors
Clot Retraction- pulls edges of damaged vessels closer together
Fibrinolysis- uses fibrinolysin to dissolve a clot

Gross Anatomy (30 decks)

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