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► Med Misc 44 > Cardiovascular Misc > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Misc Flashcards

1
Q

Besides vasodilation both Nipride and nitro have what effects? and why?

A

Bronchodilator

d/t NO action

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2
Q

how does NO (nitric Oxide) cause vasodilation

A

released from endothelial cells - activates soluble gaudily cyclase (sGC) - converts guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to the 2nd messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) - cGMP causes smooth muscle dilation (thus both bronchial and vascular)

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3
Q

name the action and other name of drug:

Hydralizine

A

Apresoline

Arterial dilator

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4
Q

name the action and other name of drug:

Nitroglycerine

A

Nitro

Venodilator

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5
Q

name the action and other name of drug:

Nitroprusside

A

Nipride

Arterial and Venous dilator

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6
Q

what kind of hypertrophy is IHSS?

A

Concentric

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7
Q

What is the one heart condition unlike all others?

A

IHSS

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8
Q

With IHSS is the myocardial dysfunction caused by anything that the other concentric hypertrophy d/o are from? AKA pressure (HTN)

A

nope

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9
Q 
IHSS:
What do you want to do with 
HR?
Rhythm?
Preload?
Afterload?
Contractility?
A 
Maintain HR
Sinus
High preload (full)
After load up
decrease contractility
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10
Q

how can you remember what worsens and makes IHSS better?

A 
Old Cats Pee Alot 
first line increases / 2nd decreases
O increased / increased
C Increased / decreased
P Decreased / Increased
A Decreased / Increased
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11
Q

w/ IHSS what may the A-line wave form look like

A

Bifid (bisferiens pulse)

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12
Q

What is an ideal vasopressor for IHSS

A

Phenyelphrine

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13
Q

Valve lesions: AR

what is the anesthetic goals

A

Fast (increase HR)
Full (increase preload)
Forward (decrease after load)

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14
Q

What type of murmur is heard and where at wit AR?

A

Diastolic

left sternal boarder

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15
Q

what pressor and why is good for AR

A

ephedrine

Forward movement

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16
Q

Valve lesions: MR

what you wanna do

A

Increase HR
decrease after load
normal preload (increase worsens regurg and decrease lowers CO)

17
Q

What do u want to do with HR to all pts with and rugurg

A

Increase it

18
Q

What do u wanna do with all pts after load with regurg

A

Decrease it

19
Q

Valve lesions: MR

Chronic MR is d/t what (usually)

A

Rheumatic fever

20
Q

Valve lesions:AS

what you wanna do

A

Decrease HR
Keep in NSR
Maiintain preload and afterload

21
Q

What is a good pressor for AS and why?

A

Phenylephrine

B/c decrease HR

22
Q

what is normal AV area

A

2.5-3.5 cm2

23
Q

what is the AV for severe AS

A

0.8-1 cm2

24
Q

what type and where is the murmur heard for AS

A

Systolic

right 2nd intercostal space

25
Q

when are spinals and epidurals contraindicated w/ AS

A

when it’s severe

26
Q

Valve lesions:MS

what you wanna do

A 
decrease HR (gives more time for LV to fill)
Maintain pre/afterload
27
Q

what type and where is the murmur for MS

A

diastolic

Apex

► Med Misc 44 (72 decks)

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