RIGHT SIDED VALVULAR DISEASE Flashcards
What is the cause of most cases of tricuspid regurgitation?
Dilatation of tricuspid annulus in RVF
What are the causes of tricuspid regurgitation?
RVF
Infective endocariditis
Congenital malformations
Carcinoid syndrome
What is Ebstein’s anomaly?
Congenital malformation which results in tricuspid insufficiency. The septal and posterior leaflets of the valve are displaced towards the apex. Associated with other structural cardiac abnormalities and tachyarrythmias (supraventricular and ventricular).
What are the clinical features of tricuspid regurgitation?
Fatigue Discomfort from ascites and hepatic congestion V wave in jugular venous waveform Ascites Signs of RVF
How are people with tricuspid regurgitation managed?
Diuretics
ACE inhibitors
Valve replacement in very severe cases
What are the causes of tricuspid stenosis?
Rheumatic fever
Pulmonary hypertension
What are the clinical features of tricuspid stenosis?
Raised JVP Large A waves Ascites Hepatomegaly Peripheral oedema Soft diastolic murmur at left lower sternal edge
How are patients with tricuspid stenosis managed?
Valve replacement
What are the causes of pulmonary stenosis?
Congenital malformations - Noonan’s syndrome, maternal rubella syndrome, carcinoid syndrome
What are the clinical features of pulmonary stenosis?
Often asymptomatic
Ejection systolic murmur in pulmonary area
Wide split of heart sounds
How are patients with pulmonary stenosis managed?
Pulmonary valvuloplasty
Pulmonary valve replacement
What are the causes of pulmonary regurgitation?
Dilatation of valve ring secondary to pulmonary hypertension
Infective endocarditis
What are the clinical features of pulmonary regurgitation?
RVF
Low pitched diastolic murmur
How are patients with pulmonary regurgitation managed?
Treat underlying disease
