Microscopy

Question 1

what are positively charged stains (basic) going to interact with

Answer 1

negative stuff like the plasma membrane

Question 2

what will acid stains (negatively charged) interact with?

Answer 2

positive stuff (like glass)

Question 3

Define simple stain

Answer 3

single staining agent, used to determine shape or grouping of cells

Question 4

in coccus cells, one axis of division results in what?

Answer 4

one straight line of cells

Question 5

in cocci, division along one axis results in what kind of grouping,

Answer 5

diplococcus (2) or streptococcus (4-20)

Question 6

diplococcus is typical of what genus

Answer 6

neissero

Question 7

streptococcus is typical of what genus?

Answer 7

streptococcus!

Question 8

what kind of grouping happens in coccus on two axis of division`

Answer 8

a tetrad is formed

Question 9

division in coccus on two axis is typical of what genus?

Answer 9

micrococcus

Question 10

what results in coccus on three planes of division? What is this grouping called?

Answer 10

irregular grouping, and it is called staphylcoccus

Question 11

In rods, what is a grouping of two called?

Answer 11

diplobacillia

Question 12

In rods, what is a grouping of more than two called?

Answer 12

streptobacillia

Question 13

what group has curved rods as their morphology?

Answer 13

vibrio

Question 14

What group has morphology of spirals

Answer 14

spirochetes

Question 15

Gram negative staining will affect mostly what group?

Answer 15

rods

Question 16

what are the three groups of cocci that are gram negative?

Answer 16

neisseria, moraxella, and acinobacter

Question 17

if it has no cell wall, it will always be what color with regards to gram staining?

Answer 17

red

Question 18

what rod groups are gram positives

Answer 18

Sporulating: genera bacillus and clostridium

Non-sporulating: lactobacillus and listeria

Question 19

what color will mycobacteria stain, and why?

Answer 19

stain cannot reach plasma membrane due to mycolic acid outer membrane

Question 20

what are johns three rules

Answer 20

If genus ends with coccus, the shape is coccus, is gram positive
If the genus is bacillus or clostridium, is gram positive rod
If I cant apply rule one or two, and is not an exception, it is a gram negative rod

Question 21

what is the cell wall like for gram positive

Answer 21

• peptidoglycan wall is thick with many layers

- no lipopolysaccharide membrane is outside of the cell wall

Question 22

what is the cell wall like for gram negative?

Answer 22

• peptidoglycan wall is thin with few layers

- there is a lipopolysaccharide layer