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shb > Posterior Triangle > Flashcards

Posterior Triangle Flashcards

1
Q

Investing layer (superficial) fascia

A

A sleeve binding all the structures in the neck; attached to ligamentum nuchae and spinous process of C7 vertebrae; splits to enclose the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

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2
Q

Infrahyoid fascia

A

Covering the supra and infrahyoid muscles; helps reposition the hypopharyngeal complex (larynx, hyoid bone, jaw)

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3
Q

Pretracheal fascia

A

Viscera surrounded with a layer of fascia including the thyroid and parathyroid glands, trachea, and esophagus

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4
Q

Carotid sheath

A

Carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve

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5
Q

Prevertebral fascia

A

Deep cervical fascia covering vertebral musculature

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6
Q

Why are the fascial layers of the neck so important?

A

The fascia serves to hold things together. It also allows the muscles to slide against and around one another and isolate them, allowing them to move without interference

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7
Q

What is the posterior triangle made up of?

A

The sternocleidomastoid, the trapezius, and the clavicle

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8
Q

What are the sub-triangles of the posterior triangle?

A

The occipital triangle and the omoclavicular triangle

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9
Q

Action of the sternocleidomastoid

A

Unilaterally acts to tilt the head to the same side and rotate the head to the opposite side. Bilaterally acts to extend the head and aid in respiration when the head is fixed.

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10
Q

What is Erb’s point?

A

An area halfway along the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle that the cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus emerge; the accessory nerve is also just deep to the investing fascia at this point.

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11
Q

What are the cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus?

A

The transverse cervical nerve, the great auricular nerve, the lesser occipital nerve, and the supraclavicular nerve

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12
Q

Transverse cervical nerve

A

From ventral rami of C2-3; cutaneous nerve to throat

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13
Q

Great auricular nerve

A

From ventral rami of C2-3; cutaneous to area around ear

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14
Q

Lesser occipital nerve

A

From ventral rami of C2 (and sometimes C3); cutaneous to skin near the mastoid process

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15
Q

Supraclavicular nerve

A

From ventral rami of C3-4; splits into three branches - anterior, middle, and posterior; cutaneous to area over clavicle

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16
Q

Accessory nerve

A

Cranial nerve XI; from medulla oblongata; motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

17
Q

Phrenic nerve

A

Part of the motor portion of the cervical plexus; C3-C4-C5 roots; innervates the diaphragm; sits on top of the anterior scalene muscle

18
Q

Ansa Cervicalis

A

Part of the motor portion of the cervical plexus; C1-C2-C3 with two limbs (roots) - C1 ventral ramus and the C2 and C3 rami

19
Q

C1 ventral ramus of the ansa cervicalis

A

Provides separate motor innervation to the thyroid and geniohyoid muscles and also forms the Superior Root of the Ansa Cervicalis

20
Q

C2 and C3 ventral rami of the ansa cervicalis

A

Combine to form the Interior Root of the Ansa Cervicalis; innervates the sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and omohyoid

21
Q

Ventral rami of the cervical plexus

A

Motor portion of the cervical plexus; directly to rectus capitis lateralis, rectus capitis anterior, longus capitis, longus colli, levator scapulae, and scalene muscles

22
Q

Where will the phrenic nerve lay right on top of?

A

Anterior scalene muscle

23
Q

What does the supraclavicular triangle contain?

A

The lower portion of the brachial plexus, the subclavian artery and vein, the branches of the subclavian artery, and the termination of the external jugular vein

24
Q

What are the subclavian artery branches?

A

VITamin C and sometimes D

Vertebral artery, Internal Thoracic artery, Thyrocervical trunk, Costocervical trunk, and Dorsal Scapular artery

25
Q

What are the branches of the Thyrocervical trunk?

A

ITSA

Inferior thyroid, Transverse Cervical, Suprascapular, and Ascending Cervical

26
Q

What are the branches of the Costocervical trunk?

A

SD

Supreme Intercostal, Deep cervical

27
Q

Where does the subclavian vein run?

A

Behind the clavicle and in front of the anterior scalene muscle

28
Q

Where does the subclavian artery run?

A

Between the anterior and middle scalene muscles

29
Q

Where does the brachial plexus run?

A

Between the anterior and middle scalene muscles

30
Q

Where does the phrenic nerve run?

A

In front of (on top of) the anterior scalene muscke

31
Q

Where does the transverse cervical artery run?

A

In front of the anterior scalene muscle

32
Q

Where does the suprascapular artery run?

A

In front of the anterior scalene muscle

33
Q

Where does the dorsal scapular artery run?

A

Behind (deep to) the anterior scalene

shb (11 decks)

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