C - Coastal Mangement

Question 1

What is the shoreline management plan (SMP)?

Answer 1

An integrated costal management plan for a stretch of coastline in England and Wales

Question 2

What is the shoreline management plan (SMP)?

Answer 2

An integrated costal management plan for a stretch of coastline in England and Wales

Question 3

What is hard engineering?

Answer 3

Man made structures built to control the flow of the sea and reduce flooding and erosion.

Question 4

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a sea wall?

Answer 4

Advantages:

• Prevents erosion of coast
• Acts as a barrier to prevent flooding

Disadvantages:

• Creates strong backwash (erodes under wall)
• Very expensive to build and maintain

Question 5

Give three examples of hard engineering

Answer 5

• Sea walls
• Rock armour
• Groynes

Question 6

What is a sea walls?

Answer 6

Walls made out of hard material like concrete that reflects waves back to sea

Question 7

What is rock armour?

Answer 7

Boulders piled up along the coast

Question 8

What are the advantages and disadvantages of rock armour?

Answer 8

Advantages:

• Absorb wave energy (reduces erosion + flooding)
• Fairly cheap defence

Disadvantages:
-Boulders are moved around by strong waves so need replacing regularly

Question 9

What are groynes?

Answer 9

Wooden or stone fences built at right angles to the coast. Trap materials transported by longshore drift

Question 10

What are the advantages and disadvantages of groynes?

Answer 10

Advantages:

• Create wider beaches which slow waves
• Gives greater protection from flooding + erosion
• Fairly cheap

Disadvantages:
-Starve beaches further down the coast of sand making them wider —> Narrower beaches don’t protect coast well leading to greater erosion and floods

Question 11

What is soft engineering?

Answer 11

Schemes set up using knowledge of the sea and its processes to reduce the effects of flooding and erosion.

Question 12

Gives four examples of soft engineering

Answer 12

• Beach nourishment
• Dune regeneration
• Marsh creation
• Managed retreat

Question 14

What is soft engineering?

Answer 14

Schemes set up using knowledge of the sea and its processes to reduce the effects of flooding and erosion.

Question 15

Gives four examples of soft engineering

Answer 15

• Beach nourishment
• Dune regeneration
• Marsh creation
• Managed retreat