Fundamentals

Question 1

What is the aqueous humor formation rate?

Answer 1

2.4ul per minute or 1% of the AC volume per minute.

Question 2

What are the measurements from the anterior lacrimal crest -> anterior ethmoidal -> posterior ethmoidal -> optic foramen?

Answer 2

24mm -> 12mm -> 6mm

Question 3

What is the difference between lid lad, lagophthalmos and Von grafe’s sign?

Answer 3

Lagophthalmos is the inability to completely close the eyes; Lid lag is the static situation in which the eyelid is higher than normal with the globe in downgaze; and von Grafe’s sign is a dynamic sign describing the retarded descent of the eyelid during movement of the globe from primary position to downgaze.

Question 4

What are the measurements from the anterior lacrimal crest -> anterior ethmoidal -> posterior ethmoidal -> optic foramen?

Answer 4

24mm -> 12mm -> 6mm

Question 5

What is the difference between lid lad, lagophthalmos and Von grafe’s sign?

Answer 5

Lagophthalmos is the inability to completely close the eyes; Lid lag is the static situation in which the eyelid is higher than normal with the globe in downgaze; and von Grafe’s sign is a dynamic sign describing the retarded descent of the eyelid during movement of the globe from primary position to downgaze.