Vocab Quiz Metabolism

Question 1

The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start; also called free energy of activation.

Answer 1

Activation energy

Question 2

The binding of a regulatory molecules to a protein at one site that affects the function of the protein at a different site

Answer 2

Allosteric regulation

Question 3

The specific region of an enzyme that binds the substrate and that forms the pocket in which catalysis occurs

Answer 3

Active site

Question 4

A metabolic pathway that consumers energy to synthesize the complex molecules from simpler molecules

Answer 4

Anabolic pathway

Question 5

An adenosine containing nucleoside triphospjate that releases free energy when its PHOSPHATE bonds are hydrolysis. The energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cells

Answer 5

ATP

Question 6

The overall flow and transformation of energy in an organism the study of how energy flows through organisms

Answer 6

Bioenergetics

Question 7

A metabolic pathway that releases energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler molecules

Answer 7

Catabolic pathway

Question 8

A chemical agent that selectively increases the rate of reaction without being consumed by the reaction

Answer 8

Catalyst

Question 9

Energy available in molecules for release in a chemical reaction; a form of potential energy

Answer 9

Chemical energy

Question 10

An organic molecule serving as a cofactor most vitamins function as coenzymes in metabolic reactions

Answer 10

Co enzyme

Question 11

Any non-protein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme. Cofactors can be permanently bound to the active site or may bind loosely and reversibly along with the substrate during catalysis

Answer 11

Cofactor

Question 12

I substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate, whose structure at mimics

Answer 12

Competitive inhibitor

Question 13

A nonspontaneous chemical reaction, in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings

Answer 13

Endergonic reaction

Question 14

The capacity to cause change especially to do work

Answer 14

Energy

Question 15

In cellular metabolism the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction

Answer 15

Energy coupling

Question 16

A measure of disorder random

Answer 16

Entropy

Question 17

A macromolecule serving as a catalyst, I chemical agent that increases the rate of reaction without being consumed by the reaction most enzymes are proteins

Answer 17

Enzyme

Question 18

A temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to a substrate molecule(s)

Answer 18

Enzyme – substrate complex

Question 19

A gland that secretes substances through a duct and onto a body surface or into a body cavity

Answer 19

Exergonic reaction

Question 20

I method of metabolic Control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway

Answer 20

Feedback inhibition

Question 21

The principle of conservation of energy; energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed

Answer 21

The first law of thermodynamics

Question 22

The portion of a biological systems energy that can perform work when temperature and pressure are uniform throughout the system. The change in free energy of a system. It can be calculated by the equation delta G equals delta H minus T delta s where delta H is the change in enthalpy, T is the absolute temp

Answer 22

Free energy

Question 23

I DK

Answer 23

Free energy of activation

Question 24

Thermal energy and transferred from one body of matter to another

Answer 24

Heat

Question 25

Caused by injury of the substrate, the change in shape of the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snuggly to the substrate

Answer 25

Induced fit

Question 26

The energy associated with the relative motion of objects. Moving matter can perform work by importing motion to another matter.

Answer 26

Kinetic Energy

Question 27

A series of chemical reactions that either builds a complex molecule or breaks down the complex molecule to simply Molecules

Answer 27

Metabolic pathway

Question 28

They totality of an organisms chemical reactions, consisting of catabolic and anabolic pathways, which manages the material and energy resources of the organism

Answer 28

Metabolism

Question 29

Hey substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a location remotes from the active site, changing the enzymes shape so that the active site no longer effectively catalyzes the conversion of substrate to product

Answer 29

Noncompetitive inhibitor

Question 30

A molecule with a phosphate group covalently bound to it, making it more reactive than the unphosphorylated molecule

Answer 30

Phosphorylated intermediate

Question 31

The energy that matter possesses as a result of which location or special arrangement

Answer 31

Potential energy

Question 32

The principal stating that every energy transferred or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Usable forms of energy or at least partly converted to heat

Answer 32

Second law of thermodynamics

Question 33

The reactant on which an enzyme work

Answer 33

Substrate

Question 34

A process that occurs without an overall input of energy; process that is energetically favorable

Answer 34

Spontaneous process

Question 35

Kinetic energy due to the random motion of atoms and molecules energy and its most random form

Answer 35

Thermal energy

Question 36

The study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter

Answer 36

Thermodynamics