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Radiation therapy 1 > Role And Function Of RT > Flashcards

Role And Function Of RT Flashcards

1
Q

What can cancer be exacerbated?

A

Smoking alcohol radiation genes

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2
Q

Can cannabais be useful for cancer treatment?

A

Yes

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3
Q

Where do tumours spread via?

A

Lymphatic and blood drainage

Produces multiple growths that can stop tissue

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4
Q

What is systematic treatment?

A

Chemotherapy that goes throughout the body

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5
Q

Why is surgery used for treatment of cancer?

A

To remove structure to avoid compression of vital organs

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6
Q

What are some different treatments for cancer?

A

Surgery chemotherapy immunotherapy

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7
Q

What is the aim of radiotherapy?

A

To kill tumour cells before they spread systematically

Reduce size of tumour and to help symptoms

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8
Q

How does hormonal therapy work?

A

Manipulate growth factors for tumours

Androgen for males

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9
Q

How does immunotherapy work?

A

Insertion of antibodies

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10
Q

What is palliative radiotherapy?

A

Improve quality of life not necessarily quantity

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11
Q

Is metastatic disease curable?

A

No

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12
Q

Does palliative treatment involve lower doses to larger volumes of tissue?

A

Yes

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13
Q

How does radiotherapy work?

A

Ionisation damages DNA or ionises into more damaging chemicals eg radicals

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14
Q

Can normal cells recover from DNA damage?

A

Yes

But cancerous cells can’t when they try to replicate they die

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15
Q

How was cancer treated in the 1800s?

A

Radioactive sources were held next to the tumours

Had severe side effects

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16
Q

How is radiotherapy produced?

A

By a linear accelerator

More acceleration more energy

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17
Q

What is 4Mev energy used for?

A

Head and neck treatment

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18
Q

What is 6mv energy used for?

A

Thorax

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19
Q

What is 10Mv or 18Mv energy used for?

A

Pelvis

20
Q

What is kilovoltage energy used for?

A

Superficial and skin tumours

21
Q

What is mega voltage therapy?

A

Produce High energy x-rays cannot rotate 360 degrees due to cables

22
Q

What is brachytherapy?

A

Positioning radioactive sources near a tumour through cavities or openings in the body

23
Q

Does brachytherapy give less dose to surrounding tissues?

A

Yes more targeted

24
Q

What is tomotherapy?

A

Can be really accurate
High dose gradients can take longer
Is radiation therapy slice by slice which is a form of IMRT

25
Q

What is IMRT

A

Where Mlcs shape the beam and you have different dose gradients

26
Q

What do radiation therapists do?

A 
Plan deliver RT
Safety and accuracy
Support and care
Education and research
Advocate for patient
27
Q

What is the patient pathway: prescription?

A

Referral for RT

  • Radiation oncologists decide optimal treatment prescribes dose energy and timing of course
  • Patient is booked for imaging
28
Q

What is the patient pathway: localisation?

A

Receive a CT

Images identify tumour and any critical structures

29
Q

Patient pathway:planning?

A

Used special software to illustrate the distribution of dose

30
Q

What is treatment chosen based on?

A

Tumour control and normal tissue damage

31
Q

What is treatment planning used for?

A

Decide how to direct radiation to the tumour

Ensure normal tissues don’t receive too much dose

Ensure critical structures are safe

32
Q

What is PET?

A

Inject a radioactive dye and will go through PET scanner and will give off high traces of metastatic spread

33
Q

What is the patient pathway of treatment?

A

Explain process and potential side effect

Position patient correctly go to mm

34
Q

What is an ITV

A

Internal target volume

35
Q

Typical treatment times?

A

10-15 mins for 5-8 wks

36
Q

Side effects of radiation therapy?

A 
Erythema
Temporary hair loss
Diarrhoea
Nausea
Frequency of urination
37
Q

Epilation depends on what?

A

The location if treating prostate it will not but brain treatment yes

38
Q

Can you wash the treatment area?

A

Yes you can bath it no soap aqueous cream preferred

39
Q

Can a patient emit radiation?

A

Yes

40
Q

What is the aim of radical radiotherapy?

A

To cure the patient

41
Q

What does radical radiotherapy involve

A

High doses to relatively small volumes of tissue

Requires complex planning and techniques

42
Q

Is radical radiotherapy used in conjunction with other treatments?

A

Yes

43
Q

For testicular cancer what gy is generally used?

A

25 gy

44
Q

What gy does the CSI generally receive?

A

30Gy

45
Q

Breast cancer is a combination of what treatments?

A

Surgery, Chemotherapy and RT

46
Q

Larynx is it generally treated alone>

A

Yes

Radiation therapy 1 (13 decks)

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