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MSK Anatomy > Femoral Triangle, Anterior & Middle Thigh > Flashcards

Femoral Triangle, Anterior & Middle Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

A 
Superior = inguinal ligament 
Lateral = sartorius
Medial = adductor longus
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2
Q

What forms the floor of the femoral triangle?

A 
Laterally = iliopsoas 
Medially = pectineus
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3
Q

What are the contents of the femoral triangle?

A

Lateral to medial

  • Femoral nerve
  • Femoral artery
  • Femoral vein
  • Femoral canal
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4
Q

What is contained within the femoral canal?

A

Deep inguinal lymph nodes

Adipose tissue

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5
Q

What is contained within the femoral sheath?

A

Most proximal parts of femoral artery and vein

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6
Q

What forms the femoral sheath?

A

Transversalis and iliopsoas fascia

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7
Q

What are the spinal nerve roots of the femoral nerve?

A

L2, L3, L4

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8
Q

What is the route of the saphenous nerve?

A

Branches form the femoral nerve to leave the adductor canal distally by asking between sartorius and gracilis

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9
Q

Which arteries supply most of the blood to the head of the femur?

A

Medial and lateral circumflex arteries (through reticular branches)

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10
Q

What is the inguinal ligament?

A

Inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis

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11
Q

Where does the inguinal ligament run?

A

Between the ASIS and pubic tubercle

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12
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Iliopsoas
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris

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13
Q

What are the main actions of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Flexion of the hip

Extension of the knee

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14
Q

What are the attachments of the iliopsoas?

A 
P = iliac fossa and lumbar transverse processes 
D = lesser trochanter of femur
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15
Q

What is the nerve supply of the iliopsoas?

A

Anterior rami of lumbar spinal nerves

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16
Q

What are the attachments of the sartorius?

A 
P = ASIS 
D = Medial surface of proximal tibia
17
Q

What is the nerve supply of the sartorius?

A

Femoral nerve

18
Q

What are the four quadriceps muscles?

A 
Rectus femoris (superficial)
Vastus lateralis (lateral)
Vastus intermedius (central)
Vastus medius (medial)
19
Q

What are the attachments of the quadriceps?

A 
P = ASIS (RF) and shaft of femur 
D = Patella then tibial tuberosity
20
Q

What is the nerve supply of the quadriceps?

A

Femoral nerve

21
Q

What are the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Gracilis
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus

22
Q

What is the main action of the muscles of the medial compartment of the leg?

A

Adduction of the thigh at the hip joint

23
Q

Which muscle is most medial in the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Gracilis

24
Q

Which joints does gracilis cross?

A

Hip

Knee

25
Q

Where do the adductor muscles lie in relation to each other in the medial compartment?

A

Adductors brevis and longus lie anterior to adductor magnus

Adductor brevis lies superior to adductor longus

26
Q

What are the two parts of adductor magnus?

A

Adductor part

Hamstring part

27
Q

What are the attachments of the adductor muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh?

A 
P = Pubic, ischiopubic ramus, ischial tuberosity (hamstring part of AM) 
D = Posterior surface of shaft of femur, adductor tubercle pf tibia (adductor part of AM)
28
Q

What the nerve supply of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Obturator nerve

29
Q

What are the spinal nerve roots of the obturator nerve?

A

L2, L3, L4

Hamstring part of AM = tibial nerve

30
Q

Which structures pass through the obturator foramen of the hip bone?

A

Obturator nerve, artery and vein

31
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the thigh?

A

Anterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
Cutaneous branch of obturator nerve

32
Q

What is the route of lymphatic drainage of the lower limb?

A

Follows great saphenous vein -> superficial inguinal LN -> external iliac LN/deep inguinal LN

Follows small saphenous vein -> popliteal LN -> deep inguinal LN -> external iliac LN

All lymph from lower limb ultimately drains to EXTERNAL ILIAC LYMPH NODES

MSK Anatomy (8 decks)

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