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MSK Anatomy > Knee, Anterior & Lateral Leg > Flashcards

Knee, Anterior & Lateral Leg Flashcards

1
Q

What are the articulations of the knee joint?

A

2 between femur and tibia

1 between femur and patella

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2
Q

What are the main movements of the knee joint?

A

Flexion and extension

some medial and lateral rotation when flexed at 90 degrees

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3
Q

What are the important ligaments of the knee joint?

A

Iliotibial tract
Medial ad lateral colateral ligaments
Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

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4
Q

What is the role of the menisci?

A

Shock absorbers

Stabilisation of femoral condyles onto tibial condyles

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5
Q

What is genu varum?

A

Bow legs

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6
Q

What is genu valgum?

A

Knock knee

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7
Q

Which menisci is more prone to tearing in a knee injury, and why?

A

Medial meniscus

Attachment to the medial collateral ligament

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8
Q

What is an unhappy triad knee injury?

A

Damage to the medial collateral ligament, medial meniscus and ACL

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9
Q

What is the role of the ACL?

A

Prevention of anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur and hypextension of the knee joint

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10
Q

Where does the ACL attach to?

A

Lateral femoral condyle

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11
Q

Where does the PCL attach to?

A

Medial femoral condyle

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12
Q

What is the role of the PCL?

A

Prevention of posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur and hyperflexion of the knee joint

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13
Q

What is the role of the suprapatellar bursa?

A

Reduces friction on the quadriceps tendon during knee movements

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14
Q

Why is the common fibular nerve vulnerable to injury?

A

Enters the anterior leg from the popliteal fossa superficial to the neck of the fibula (compression injury)

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15
Q

Where does the common fibular nerve divide?

A

Fibular neck

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16
Q

What are the divisions of the common fibular nerve?

A

Superficial fibular nerve

Deep fibular nerve

17
Q

What is supplied by the superficial fibular nerve?

A

Lateral leg muscles

Skin on the dorsum of the foot

18
Q

What is supplied by the deep fibular nerve?

A

Anterior leg muscles

Skin of first interdigital cleft

19
Q

What are the anterior leg muscles?

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallicus longus
Extensor digitorium longus
Fibularis tertius

20
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the anterior leg muscles?

A

Tibia, fibula or interosseous membrane

21
Q

What are the distal attachments of the anterior leg muscles?

A

(TA) Base of 1st metatarsal and cuniform
(EHL) Distal phalanges of great toe
(EDL) All digits
(FT) Base of 5th metatarsal

22
Q

What are the main action of the anterior leg muscles?

A

Dorsiflexion of the ankle, great toe and digits

Inversion and eversion

23
Q

What separates the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg?

A

Anterior intermuscular septum

24
Q

What are the lateral leg muscles?

A

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

25
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the lateral leg muscles?

A

Fibula

26
Q

What are the distal attachments of the lateral leg muscles?

A

(FL) Plantar surface of base of 1st metatarsal

(FB) Plantar surface of base of 5th metatarsal

27
Q

What is the main action of the lateral leg muscles?

A

Eversion of the foot

MSK Anatomy (8 decks)

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