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Principles of Disease BJ > Gram Negative Bacteria > Flashcards

Gram Negative Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 main types of aerobic gram negative cocci?

A

Neisseria spp

Moraxella Catarrhalis

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2
Q

What are the two main sub-types of Neisseria spp?

A

Neisseria meningitidis

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae

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3
Q

What does neisseria meningitidis cause?

A

Meningitis (can be life threatening)

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4
Q

What kind of samples can neisseria meningitidis be grown from?

A

Blood cultures & CSF samples

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5
Q

What does neisseria gonorrhoeae cause?

A

Causes urethritis in men.

Causes pelvic-inflammatory disease in women.

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6
Q

How is neisseria Gonorrhoeae spread?

A

By sexual contact

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7
Q

What does moraxella catarrhalis cause?

A

Respiratory tract infections

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8
Q

With whom are moraxella catarrhalis infections most prevalent?

A

Those with underlying lung pathology.

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9
Q

What are the 3 main types of large aerobic gram negative bacilli? (Coliforms)

A
  • Escherichia Coli 0157
  • Salmonella spp
  • Shigella
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10
Q

How many E. Coli types are there?

A

Over 160 serotypes based on the O antigen

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11
Q

How do strains of E. Coli vary?

A

In disease potential

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12
Q

What do E.coli strains commonly cause?

A

UTI’s & Neonatal Sepsis.

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13
Q

Name 2 important strains of E. Coli?

A

Enterotoxogenic E. Coli

Enterohaemorrhagic E. Coli

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14
Q

What is enterotoxogenic Escherichia coli?

A

The commonest cause of travellers diarrhoea

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15
Q

What does enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli. cause?

A

Bloody Diarrhoea

Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome.

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16
Q

How does Escherichia Coli affect Lactose?

A

Causes fermentation of lactose

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17
Q

How does Salmonella spp affect lactose?

A

It doesnt, unlike Escherichia Coli which ferments it

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18
Q

What are the 2 main salmonella spp subtypes?

A

Salmonella Enterica

Salmonella Typhi

19
Q

What does salmonella enterica cause?

A
  • Self-limiting enterocolitis (inflammation of both colon & intestine).
  • Possible bloody diarrhoea
  • Bacterial diarrhoea
20
Q

What does salmonella Typhi cause?

A

Typhoid Fever

fever with constipation

21
Q

How is salmonella Typhi infection diagnosed?

A

The organism is isolated from blood.

22
Q

Does shigella ferment lactose?

A

No you fool! Only Escherichia Coli does that! Go back to school!

23
Q

What does shigella cause?

A

Dysentery & diarrhoea.

24
Q

Define coliform?

A

Organisms in the family of enterobacteriaceae.

e.g. E. Coli, Salmonella & shigella

25
Q

Are microaerophiic gram -ve bacteria cocci or bacilli?

A

Microaerophilic bacteria are bacilli

26
Q

What are the 2 subtypes of microaerophilic bacilli?

A

Curved Bacilli

Spiral Bacilli

27
Q

Example of a small curved microaerophilic bacilli:

A

Campylobacter species

28
Q

Example of spiral microaerophilic bacilli:

A

Heliobacter Sp.

29
Q

Example of gram -ve anaerobic bacilli:

A

Bacteroides Species.

30
Q

Other than coliforms whats the other subtype of aerobic gram -ve bacilli?

A

Small

31
Q

Examples of small aerobic bacilli:

A

Bordetella Pertussis

Haemophilus Influenzae

32
Q

What causes whoopin cough?

A

Bordetella Pertussis

Gram -ve -> Aerobic -> Bacilli -> small

33
Q

What casues exacerbated COPD?

A

Haemophilus Influenzae

Gram -ve -> aerobic -> bacilli -> small

34
Q

Examples of gram -ve aerobic cocci?

A

Neisseria Gonorrhoae

Neisseria Meningitidis

35
Q

Classify Camplylobacter species:

A
  • > Gram -ve
  • > Microaerophilic
  • > Bacilli
  • > Small curved bacilli
  • > Campylobacter sp.
36
Q

Classify Bacteroides sp:

A
  • > Gram ive
  • > Anaerobic
  • > Bacilli
  • > Bacteroides Sp.
37
Q

Classify whooping cough:

A

Gram -ve

  • > Aerobic
  • > Bacilli
  • > Small (non-coliform)
  • > Bordetella pertussis
  • > Whooping cough
38
Q

Classify Shigella:

A

Gram -ve

  • > Aerobic
  • > Bacilli
  • > Large (coliforms)
  • > Gut pathogens
  • > Shigella
39
Q

Classify Neisseria Meningitidis

A
  • > Gram -ve
  • > Aerobic
  • > Cocci
  • > Neisseria Meningitidis
40
Q

Classify Heliobacter sp.:

A
  • > Gram -ve
  • > Microaerophilic
  • > Spiral Bacilli
  • > Heliobacter species.
41
Q

What is different about non-coliform gram -ve aerobic bacilli?

A

Theyre small whereas coliforms are large

42
Q

Name 2 types of small gram -ve aerobic bacilli:

A
  • Bordetella Pertussis

- Haemophilus Influenzae

43
Q

What does bordetella pertussis cause?

A

Whooping Cough

Principles of Disease BJ (47 decks)

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