5.5 Fluids and Electrolytes Flashcards
(33 cards)
___% of the adult body is water
60%
__% of the intracellular fluid is water
67%
__% of the Interstitial fluid is water
25%
__% of plasma is water
8%
Body functions that cause fluid loss include…
Bleeding
Diarrhea
Fever
Vomiting
When the quantity of fluid gained exceeds fluid loss
Edema
When the quantity of fluid lost exceeds fluid gained
Dehydration
Dehydration leads to…
Disturbance in balance between fluid in ECF and ICF compartments
Imbalance of electrolyte [ ]
Signs and symptoms of dehydration can either be…
Mild
Moderate
Severe
The 3 categories of IV solutions are…
Colloids
Crystalloids
Blood Products
5 examples of crystalloids include…
Normal Saline
Ringer’s Lactate
D5W
Plasma Lyte
Crystalloids function to…
Water and Na+ to maintain osmotic gradient between extra & intravascular compartments
Do not expand plasma fluid well – requires large initial quantities
Indications for crystalloids include…
maintenance flds, replace insensible loss, manage specific fld & electrolyte disturbance
Adverse effects of crystalloids include…
leaks out of plasma and into tissues causing peripheral and pulmonary edema
NaCl is used for…
used dependent on urgency of fluid replacement and Na+ loss
0.9% Normal Saline is (isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic)?
Isotonic
0.45% Normal saline is (isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic)?
Hypotonic
3% normal saline is (isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic)?
Hypertonic
Examples of colloids include…
Dextran, Albumin, Pentaspan
Colloids function to…
Increase colloid oncotic pressure
Move fluid from interstitial to plasma compartment
Indications for colloids include…
superior plasma volume expander
Contraindications for colloids include…
HF, anemia, hypervolemia
Adverse effects of colloids include…
can alter coag times, decrease O2 carrying capacity
Blood products function to…
O2 carrying resuscitation fluids
Increases plasma volume
Improves tissue oxygenation
Natural
Expensive
Increase Colloid osmotic pressure and Plasma Volume
