5.5 Plastids

Question 1

Plastids are found in:

Answer 1

All plant cells and Euglenoids

Question 2

Plastids are not visible under the microscope.
T/F

Answer 2

False,
Plastids are easily visible as they are large.

Question 3

Plastids bear some specific ______, which impart specific ______ to the plants.

Answer 3

pigments; colors

Question 4

Based on the type of ______,
plastids can be classified into:

Answer 4

Pigments;

I. Chloroplasts
II. Chromoplasts
III. Leucoplasts.

Question 5

Chloroplasts contain ______ and ______ pigments which are responsible for ______.

Answer 5

chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments;

Trapping light energy

Question 6

Light energy trapped by pigments of chloroplast is required for __

Answer 6

Photosynthesis

Question 7

Chromoplasts contain ______ pigments like ______, and others are present.

Answer 7

fat-soluble carotenoid pigments; Carotene and xanthophyll

Question 8

Choromoplasts provide plants ______ colors.

Answer 8

yellow, orange or red colour

Question 9

The colorless plastids of varied shapes and sizes are called ______.

Answer 9

Leucoplasts

Question 10

The function of leucoplast is to ________.

Answer 10

store nutrients

Question 11

Types of Leucoplasts and their function:

Answer 11

I. Amyloplasts store carbohydrates (starch), e.g., potatoes
II. Elaioplasts store oils and fats
III. Aleuroplasts store proteins

Question 12

Topic Chloroplast

Question 13

The majority of chloroplast of green plants is found in ______ cells of ______ part of plants.

Answer 13

Mesophyll cells of leaves

Question 14

Shape of Chloroplasts:

Answer 14

I. lens-shaped
II. Oval
III. Spherical
IV. Discoid
V. Ribbon-like organelles

Question 15

Size of Chloroplasts:

Answer 15

variable length (5-10μm) and width (2-4μm)

Question 16

The number of chloroplasts in the mesophyll of:
I. Chlamydomonas -
II. Green Algae -

Answer 16

I. Chlamydomonas - 1 per cell
II. Green Algae - 20-40 per cell

Question 17

Chloroplasts and Mitochondria both are double membrane-bound organelles.
T/F

Answer 17

True

Question 18

______ (inner/outer) chloroplast membrane is relatively less permeable than the other.

Answer 18

Inner

Question 19

The space limited by the inner membrane of the chloroplast is called _______.

Answer 19

Stroma

Question 20

The Stroma of Chloroplast contains:

Answer 20

I. Enzymes
II. Small, ds circular DNA molecules
III. Ribosomes

Question 21

The stroma of Chloroplast contains enzymes required for the synthesis of ______.

Answer 21

Carbohydrates and proteins

Question 22

In Stroma, a number of organized flattened membranous sacs called ______

Answer 22

Thylakoids

Question 23

The membrane of the thylakoids encloses a space called ______.

Answer 23

lumen

Question 24

Chlorophyll pigments are present in ______.

Answer 24

Thylakoids

Question 25

Thylakoids are arranged in stacks like ______ called ________.

Answer 25

piles of coins; Grana (singular: granum)

Question 26

Grana is also known as:

Answer 26

Inter-granal thylakoids

Question 27

The flat membranous tubule joining thylakoids of different grana is called ______.

Answer 27

stroma lamellae

Question 28

Ribosomal subunit present in chloroplasts is _____.

Answer 28

70S

Question 29

The ribosomal subunit present in chloroplasts is _____.

Answer 29

70S

Question 30

Ribosomes of the chloroplasts are smaller (70S) than the Eukaryotic cytoplasmic ribosomes (80S).
T/F

Answer 30

True

Question 31

______ and ______ are semi-autonomous organelles.

Answer 31

Mitochondria; Chloroplasts