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MSK > Clinical Anatomy > Flashcards

Clinical Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 joints that make up the shoulder

A

glenohumeral and acromioclavicular

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2
Q

What structures stabilise the shouler joint?

A

capulse; rotator cuff and otehr muscles, labrum

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3
Q

What can cause impingement?

A

tendonitis; cuff tear; subacromial bursitis; osteophytes from AC joint

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4
Q

Where does a rotator cuff tend to occur?

A

in the supraspinatus tendon and then travels either anteriorly or posteriorly

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5
Q

What can occur if there is recurrent anterior discolation and the labrum commonly detaches?

A

Bankart lesions- which is a pocket that is created that the humerus can dislocate into

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6
Q

What is the nerve most commonly compromised with anterior shoulder dislocation?

A

axillary

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7
Q

What space does the axillary nerve travel through?

A

the quadrangular space

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8
Q

What are the boundaries of the quadrangular space?

A

superior- teres minor
inferior- teres major
medial- nck of humrus
lateral- long head of triceps

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9
Q

What is adhesive capsulitis better known as?

A

frozen shoulder

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10
Q

What symptoms does frozen shoulder present with?

A

global loss of ROM - ESPECIALLY ER

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11
Q

What nerve supplies sensation to the lateral forearm?

A

musculocutaneous

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12
Q

What nerve is susceptible to injury in humeral shaft fractures?

A

radial nerve

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13
Q

What is seen when there is damage to the radial nerve?

A

wrist drop

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14
Q

What are the 2 joints at the elbow?

A

humero-ulnar joint

radio-capitellar joint

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15
Q

Where does the common extensor tendon originate?

A

lateral epicondyle

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16
Q

Where does the common flexor tendon originate?

A

medial epicondyle

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17
Q

What is at risk of injury in a supracondylar fracture?

A

brachial artery and median nerve

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18
Q

What joints facilitate supination and pronation?

A

proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints

19
Q

What nerve supplies the majority of the anterior forearm?

A

median nerve

20
Q

What nerves are supplied by the ulnar nerve in the anterior forearm?

A

FCU and ulnar half of FDP

21
Q

What muscles orginiate at the common extensor origin?

A

extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor digitorum
externsor digit minimi
extensor carpi ulnaris

22
Q

What is the foudn at the base of the snuffbox?

A

scaphoid

23
Q

what forms the upper border of the snuffbox?

A

extensor pollicis longus tendon

24
Q

What forms the lower border of the snuffbox?

A

extensor pollicis brevis tendon

25
Q

What arteries supply the head and neck of femur?

A

retinacular arteries

26
Q

What is the function of gluteus maximus?

A

extension and external rotation

27
Q

Which nerve supplies the anterior thigh muscles?

A

femoral nerve

28
Q

Whic hnerve supplies the posterior thigh mucles?

A

sciatic nerve

29
Q

What nerve supplies the adductor muscles?

A

obturator nerve

30
Q

Where can the obturator nerve refer pain from the hip?

A

knee

31
Q

What type of cartilage are the menisci made up of?

A

fibrocartilage

32
Q

What does the ACL resist?

A

internal rotation and anterior translation of the tibia

33
Q

What does the LCL resist?

A

varus stress and helps resist

34
Q

What does MCL resist?

A

valgus stress

35
Q

What does the PCL resist?

A

posterior translation tibia or anterior translation femur

36
Q

What type OA are you more predisposed to with genu varum?

A

medial OA

37
Q

What type of OA are you more predisposed to with genu valgum?

A

lateral OA

38
Q

Waht nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

deep fibular nerve

39
Q

What nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

superficial fibular nerve

40
Q

what nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

tibial

41
Q

How many lateral ligaments need to be incompetent for the ankle joint to be unstable?

A

2/3

42
Q

What is tarsal coalition?

A

abnormal connections between tarsal bones

43
Q

What contribute mainly to the medial arch?

A

tibialis posterior and plantar fascia

44
Q

What leads to claw and hammer toe deformities?

A

imbalance of the flexor and extensor tendons

MSK (39 decks)

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