Chapter 14

Question 1

Forces favouring change

Answer 1

Sufficient dissatisfaction with the existing situation, strong attraction towards a more desirable position, desire to formulate a well thought out strategy.

Internal force: changes in ownership, products, processes.
External: political, law, markets.

Question 2

Change levers

Answer 2

Technical: production/operational problem. Social/ tech resources dispatched to solve.

Political allocation problem: org must determine how resources will be used, and which parts of org will benefit.

Cultural problem: what values need to be held by what people.

Question 3

Stress

Answer 3

State of tension experienced by individuals facing extraordinary demands, constraints or opportunities.

Question 4

Innovation

Answer 4

Process of crating new ideas and putting them into practice. Invention + application

Question 5

Planned change strategies

Answer 5

Top down: using centralised power to force compliance

Force coercion: Using authority to force compliance.

Rational persuasion: using logic and info to persuade people to accept the change.

Shared power: involving others in change decisions.

Question 6

Resistance to change

Answer 6

Due to: fear of unknown, need for security, no felt need for change, vested interests threatened, contrasting interpretations, poor timing, lack of resources.

To minimise: change agent should ensure employees understood how change meets: benefit, comparability, complexity, triability.