The Age of Discovery

Question 1

Conquistador

Answer 1

A conqueror, especially one of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century.

Question 2

Colony

Answer 2

A country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country.

Question 3

Mercantilism

Answer 3

Belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism.

Question 4

Balance of Trade

Answer 4

The difference in value between a country’s imports and exports.

Question 5

The Compass

Answer 5

An instrument containing a magnetized pointer that shows the direction of magnetic north and bearings from it.

Question 6

Joint Stock Company

Answer 6

A company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders.

Question 7

Triangular Trade

Answer 7

A multilateral system of trading in which a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another.

Question 8

Columbian Exchange

Answer 8

A period of cultural and biological exchanges between the New and Old Worlds.

Question 9

Middle Passage

Answer 9

The sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies.

Question 10

Treaty of Tordesillas

Answer 10

Divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and the Crown of Castile.

Question 11

Henry the Navigator

Answer 11

An important figure in 15th-century Portuguese politics and in the early days of the Portuguese Empire.

Question 12

Christopher Columbus

Answer 12

An Italian explorer, navigator, colonizer, and citizen of the Republic of Genoa.

Question 13

Vasco de Gama

Answer 13

A Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea.

Question 14

Hernan Cortes

Answer 14

A Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire.

Question 15

Zheng He

Answer 15

A Hui court eunuch, mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral during China’s early Ming dynasty.

Question 16

Ferdinand Magellan

Answer 16

A Portuguese explorer who organised the Castilian expedition to the East Indies from 1519 to 1522, resulting in the first circumnavigation of the Earth, completed by Juan Sebastián Elcano.

Question 17

Spice Trade

Answer 17

The trade between historical civilizations in Asia, Northeast Africa and Europe.

Question 18

Encomienda System

Answer 18

In colonial Spanish America, legal system by which the Spanish crown attempted to define the status of the Indian population in its American colonies.

Question 19

Dutch East India Company

Answer 19

Was originally established as a chartered company in 1602, when the Dutch government granted it a 21-year monopoly on Dutch spice trade.

Question 20

Arawak

Answer 20

A member of a people originally of the Greater Antilles and adjacent South America, now living mainly in Guiana.

Question 21

The Philippines

Answer 21

A truncated form of The Philippine Islands, derived from the King Philippe II of Spain in the 16th century.

Question 22

Fort Jesus Mombasa

Answer 22

A Portuguese fort located on Mombasa Island.

Question 23

Kongo Kingdom

Answer 23

Lord or ruler of the Kongo kingdom, but its sphere of influence extended to neighbouring kingdoms, such as Ngoyo, Kakongo, Ndongo and Matamba.

Question 24

Menin Tribe

Answer 24

A social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, with a common culture and dialect, typically having a recognized leader.