World War I Vocabulary

Question 1

Nationalism

Answer 1

Patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts.

Question 2

Risorgimento

Answer 2

The period of and the movement for the political unification of Italy in the 19th century. Italian, from risorgere to rise again, from Latin resurgere, from re- + surgere to rise.

Question 3

Young Italy Movement

Answer 3

Political movement for Italian youth (under age 40) founded in 1831 by Giuseppe Mazzini.

Question 4

Giuseppe Mazzini

Answer 4

An Italian politician, journalist and activist for the unification of Italy and spearheaded the Italian revolutionary movement.

Question 5

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Answer 5

An Italian general, politician and nationalist who played a large role in the history of Italy.

Question 6

Liberials

Answer 6

Open to new behavior or opinions and willing to discard traditional values.

Question 7

Unification

Answer 7

The process of being united or made into a whole.

Question 8

Ottoman Von Bismarck

Answer 8

A conservative Prussian statesman who dominated German and European affairs from the 1860s until 1890.

Question 9

Kaiser

Answer 9

The German emperor, the emperor of Austria, or the head of the Holy Roman Empire.

Question 10

The Zollverein

Answer 10

A coalition of German states formed to manage tariffs and economic policies within their territories.

Question 11

The Junkers

Answer 11

The Junkers were the members of the landed nobility in Prussia.

Question 12

Franco-Prussian War

Answer 12

A conflict between the Second French Empire of Napoleon III and the German states of the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia.

Question 13

Realpolitik

Answer 13

A system of politics or principles based on practical rather than moral or ideological considerations.

Question 14

Czar Alexander II

Answer 14

The Emperor of Russia from 2 March 1855 until his assassination in 1881.

Question 15

Emancipation

Answer 15

The fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions; liberation.

Question 16

Serfs

Answer 16

An agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord’s estate.

Question 17

Social Democratic Party

Answer 17

A social-democratic political party in Germany.

Question 18

Autocrat

Answer 18

A ruler who has absolute power.

Question 19

Pogroms

Answer 19

An organized massacre of a particular ethnic group, in particular that of Jews in Russia or eastern Europe.

Question 20

Nihilists

Answer 20

A person who believes that life is meaningless and rejects all religious and moral principles.

Question 21

Duma

Answer 21

A legislative body in the ruling assembly of Russia and of some other republics of the former Soviet Union.

Question 22

Tanzimet Reforms

Answer 22

A series of reforms promulgated in the Ottoman Empire between 1839 and 1876 under the reigns of the sultans Abdülmecid I and Abdülaziz.

Question 23

Dual Monarchy

Answer 23

When two separate kingdoms are ruled by the same monarch, follow the same foreign policy, exist in a customs union with each other and have a combined military but are otherwise self-governing.

Question 24

Balkan League

Answer 24

An alliance formed by a series of bilateral treaties concluded in 1912 between the Balkan states of Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, and directed against the Ottoman Empire,[1] which at the time still controlled much of the Balkan peninsula.

Question 25

Crimean War

Answer 25

A military conflict fought from October 1853 to March 1856 in which the Russian Empire lost to an alliance of France, Britain, the Ottoman Empire, and Sardinia.

Question 26

Treaty of Sanstefano

Answer 26

Peace treaty between Russia and the Ottoman Empire, at the conclusion of the last of the Russo-Turkish Wars.

Question 27

Militarism

Answer 27

The belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.

Question 28

Alliance System

Answer 28

One of the main causes of World War One.

Question 29

Triple Alliance

Answer 29

A secret agreement between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed on 20 May 1882 and renewed periodically until World War I.

Question 30

Triple Entente

Answer 30

The military alliance formed between Russia, Great Britain and France before World War I.

Question 31

Kuiturkampf

Answer 31

The conflict between the German imperial government and the Roman Catholic Church from 1872 or 1873 until 1886, chiefly over the control of education and ecclesiastical appointments.

Question 32

Reichstag

Answer 32

A German word generally meaning parliament, more directly translated as Diet of the Realm or National Diet or Imperial Diet.

Question 33

Treaty of Prague

Answer 33

A peace treaty signed between the Kingdom of Prussia and the Austrian Empire at Prague on 23 August 1866, ending the Austro-Prussian War.

Question 34

Francis Joseph I

Answer 34

Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary, and many others from 2 December 1848 until his death on 21 November 1916.

Question 35

Revolution of 1905

Answer 35

A wave of mass political and social unrest that spread through vast areas of the Russian Empire, some of which was directed at the government.

Question 36

Mobilization

Answer 36

The action of a country or its government preparing and organizing troops for active service.