4.6 Classification of living organisms Flashcards
Organising living organisms into groups is called
classification
Who proposed the first classification system that grouped living organisms based on their characteristics and structures?
Carl Linnaeus
In the Linnaean system living organisms were first divided into ..
Kingdoms
Kingdoms are further subdivided into smaller and smaller groups - name these in the correct order
phylum class order family genus species
In 1990 who proposed a three domain system?
Car Woese
In the Linnaean system, Linnaeus came up with the binomial naming system - what does this mean?
The name has two parts - genus and species
The binomial system is used worldwide - why?
avoid confusion - so all scientists in different countries speaking different languages use the same name
What do evolutionary trees show?
evolutionary relationships
If 2 species share a common ancestor, what does this mean?
They are closely related
Define kingdom
The largest group of classifying organisms
Define species in terms of classification
the smallest group for classifying organisms -they are very similar and can breed to produce fertile offspring
define genus
second smallest group for classifying organisms
What did Carl Woese do to refine the classification system further?
Pioneered the use of DNA and RNA technology in classification
What are the 3 domains in Carl Woese’s refined classification system?
- Eukaryote (plants, animals, protists and fungi), 2. Bacteria and 3. Archaea (primitive bacteria usually found in extreme environments)
Where does the domain group sit in the classification system proposed by Linnaeus?
Above the kingdom
Domain kingdom phylum class order family genus species
