ch10

Question 1

is the science that studies organisms to order and arrange them

Answer 1

Taxonomy

Question 2

Taxonomy can be viewed in three areas

Answer 2

1. _ Identification_- Process of characterizing in order to group them
2. Classification- Arranging organisms into similar or related groups
3. Nomenclature- System of assigning names

Question 3

Living organisms are divided into groups to

Answer 3

** to better understand relationships among species**

Question 4

What is key is used to Phenotype to Identify Prokaryotes

Answer 4

Dichotomous Key

Question 5

allows identification of prokaryotes using test that have a positive/negative (yes/no) result

Answer 5

dichotomous key

Question 6

A dichotomous key allows identification of prokaryotes using 4 test

Answer 6

1. Gram-stain
2. Oxidase test
3. Lactose fermentation
4. Growth on citrate

Question 7

• Organism are Gram positive or gram negative
• This represents phenotype (the expression of the cells genotype, the kind of cell wall that is synthesized)

Answer 7

• *The Gram stain
  
  • *

Question 8

E. coli , Neisseria, Proteus, Pseudomnas, and Enterobacter

are Gram-

Answer 8

Negative

Question 9

After Gram stain test you would look at?

Answer 9

Shape

Neisseria is coccus shaped while all the others are rods

Question 10

Dichotomous Key you did Gram stain & look at SHAPE, next test

Answer 10

oxidase test

Question 11

E. coli, Proteus, Pseudomnas, and Enterobacter are all

Answer 11

E Gram negative rods.

Question 12

The ‘oxidase test’ test for the presence of the electron transport chain component

Answer 12

** cytochrome c**

Question 13

does not have cytochrome c
but Pseudomonas does (is oxidase positive)

2. 3.

Answer 13

1. **E. coli **
2. **Proteus **
3. ** Enterobacter**

Question 14

E. coli and Enterobacter can ferment lactose while ______can not

Answer 14

_ Proteus _

Question 15

________can grow using citrate as its sole carbon source while _____can not

Answer 15

Enterobacter can grow using citrate as its sole carbon source while E. coli can not

Question 16

Using Genotype to Identify Prokaryotes

Advantage

Answer 16

Identification of organism that can’t be grown in culture

Question 17

Using Genotype to Identify Prokaryotes why

• *Use PCR
  
  • *

Answer 17

Using PCR
to amplify sequences that allow for detection of specific sequences for identification

Question 18

Using Genotype to Identify Prokaryotes

Sequencing ribosomal RNA genes (the DNA that encode rRNA) will show what

Answer 18

There is little genetic variation in rRNA

Question 19

Who determined sequence of rRNA genes in wide variety of organisms

Answer 19

Carl Woese

Question 20

Classification Tree

1. _________are divided into two major groups
2. All __________ are in third group
3. ___________represents number of differences

Answer 20

1. Prokaryotes are divided into two major groups
2. All eukaryotes are in third group
3. Length of line represents number of differences