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Psyc of Personality 336 > Exam 4 - Book Notes > Flashcards

Exam 4 - Book Notes Flashcards

1
Q

_________-Study of humans, not animals

A

Humanistic

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2
Q

_________-Human system is greater than sum of its parts

A

Holistic

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3
Q

_________-Whole person from birth to death

A

Historic

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4
Q

_________-Focus on interior, experiential, and existential aspects of personality

A

Phenomenological

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5
Q

_________-Person in nature, society, and culture—not the experimental lab

A

Real life

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6
Q

_________-Joy, fruitful activities, virtuous actions and attributes

A

Positivity

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7
Q

_________-Choices, decisions, voluntary actions

A

Will

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8
Q

_________-A philosophy of life that describes what is desirable

A

Value

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9
Q

Your particular experience of the world is called your _________

A

construal

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10
Q

Wundt-

research assistants tried to observe their own perceptions and thought processes _________

A

introspection

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11
Q

existential anxiety, or _________

A

Angst

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12
Q

-WHO-

_________ optimistic toughness

A

Sartre

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13
Q

_________ entails being honest, insightful, and morally correct

A

authentic existence

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14
Q

_________ , or “nonself

A

anatta

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15
Q

_________ - the idea that the independent, singular self you sense inside your mind is merely an illusion

A

anatta

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16
Q

Accord- ing to Maslow, human motivation is characterized by a _________

A

hierarchy of needs

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17
Q

_________- , thought that a person’s individual experience of the world was the most important part of her psychology

A

George Kelly

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18
Q

A corollary of personal construct theory, which Kelly called the _________

A

sociality corollary,

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19
Q

Kelly-

_________ - understanding another person means understanding her personal construct system

A

sociality corollary,

20
Q

Salvatore Maddi was a _________

A

Humanistic psychologist

21
Q

happiness can be sought via two basic routes

_________ route -is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain

A

hedonia

22
Q

happiness can be sought via two basic routes

_________ route -entails seeking a deeper meaning to life by pursuing important goals, building relationships, and being aware of taking responsibility for one’s choices in lif

A

eudaimonia

23
Q

distinction between hedonia and eudaimonia is an important basis of Richard Ryan’s and Edward Deci’s _________

A

self-determination theory

24
Q

CORE VIRTUES IDENTIFIED BY POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY:

  • Courage
  • Justice
  • _________
  • Temperance
  • Wisdom
  • _________
A
  • Humanity

- Transcendence

25
Q

_________ IDENTIFIED BY POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY:

  • Courage
  • Justice
  • Humanity
  • Temperance
  • Wisdom
  • Transcendence
A

CORE VIRTUES

26
Q

CORE VIRTUES IDENTIFIED BY POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY:

_________ -Strengths that protect against excess; examples include forgiveness, humility, prudence, and self-control.

A

Temperance

27
Q

_________ Humanism: Rogers and Maslow

A

Optimistic

28
Q

Personal Constructs: _________

A

Kelly

29
Q

Hardiness: _________

A

Maddi

30
Q

Maddi’s theory of _________ argues that people should embrace life’s challenges rather than seek to avoid all stress.

A

hardiness

31
Q

Maddi’s theory of hardiness argues that people should embrace life’s _________ rather than seek to avoid all _________ .

A
  • challenges

- stress

32
Q

_________ Theory: Deci and Ryan

A

Self-Determination

33
Q

Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory asserts that happiness can be pursued through _________ means (seeking pleasure and comfort) or _________ means (seeking to fulfill one’s potential)

A
  • hedonic

- eudaimonic

34
Q

_________-A child picks up the culture into which she is born

A

enculturation

35
Q

_________-a person who moves from one country to another may gradually pick up the culture of her new home

A

acculturation

36
Q

-COUNTRY-

_________- Vertical Collectivism

A

China

37
Q

-COUNTRY-

_________- Vertical Individualism

A

France

38
Q

-COUNTRY-

_________- Horizontal Collectivism

A

Israel

39
Q

-COUNTRY-

_________- Horizontal Individualism

A

Norway

40
Q

_________ - When one believes that the individual is more important than the group

A

ideocentrism

41
Q

_________ - When one believes that the group is more important than the individual

A

allocentrism

42
Q

Kelly’s unique contribution was to emphasize how one’s _________ (thinking) system assem- bles one’s various construals of the world into individually held theories called _________

A
  • cognitive

- personal constructs

43
Q

_________ unique contribution was to emphasize how one’s cognitive (thinking) system assembles one’s various _________ of the world into individually held theories called
personal constructs

A
  • Kelly’s

- construals

44
Q

_________ societies assume that individual people are importantly different from each other

A

Vertical

45
Q

_________ societies tend to view all persons as essentially equal

A

horizontal

46
Q

_________ , a lifestyle that embraces rather than avoids potential sources of stress - Maddi

A

hardiness

Psyc of Personality 336 (19 decks)

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