Clinical aspects of diabetes Flashcards
What is MODY
autosomal dominant inherited diabetes
maturity onset diabetes of the young
what is the clinical presentation of DM1
thirst polyuria weight loss blurred vision fatigue nausea, vomiting DKA, HONK
what should you remember to educate diabetics on
diet hypoglyceamia sick day rules monitoring driving alcohol smoking insulin card pregnancy and contraception complications (acute/chronic)
what should preprandial sugars be
4-7 mmol/L
what are the clinical presentations of DM2
thirst, polyuria malaise fatigue infections candidiasis blurred vision complications incidental finding
name some diabeted drugs
sulphonylureas biguanides alpha glucosidase inhibitors thiazolidinediones GLP1 agonists DPP IV inhibitors insulin
what class of drug is metformin
biguanide
what class of drug are chlorpropamide, glipizide, gliclazide
sulphonylureas
what class of drug is acarbose
alpha glucosidase inhibitor
what class of drug are troglitazone, rosiglitazone and pioglitazone
thiazolidinediones
what class of drug is Exanitide
GLP1 agonist
what are the symptoms of DKA
dehydration tachycardia hypotension reduced consciousness Kussmaul's respiration acetone abdo pain vomiting
describe ketone body metabolism
muscle is broken down into amino acids which is converted in the liver to ketone bodies
adipose tissue is broken down to free fatty acids which are converted to ketones in the liver
what is the treatment for DKA
Insulin 6U / hr
saline or dextrose
careful monitoring of potassium
what are the symptoms of hypoglycemia
adrenergic symptoms
neuroglycopaenic
dizziness, confusion, sleepiness, coma, seizure
