Variation & Inheritance

Question 1

What controls our inherited characteristics?

Answer 1

Genes from our parents.

Question 2

Name some characteristics that are caused by both the environment and inheritance.

Answer 2

1) Height
2) Intelligence
3) Body Mass

Question 3

What are the two different types of sex chromosomes?

Answer 3

X and Y.

Question 4

Which gender would have 2 X chromosomes and which gender would have an X and Y chromosomes.

Answer 4

XX - Female

XY - Male

Question 5

What is a mutation?

Answer 5

A change in the base code sequence in a gene or chromosome.

Question 6

Name some genetic disease that can be caused by mutation.

Answer 6

1) Haemophilia
2) Cystic Fibrosis
3) Sickle-cell anaemia
4) Red-green colour blindness

Question 7

How many chromosomes are there in a human body cell?

Answer 7

46 (23 pairs)

Question 8

How many chromosomes are there in a human gamete?

Answer 8

23

Question 9

If a gene is dominant, what does that mean?

Answer 9

It will be expresses over it’s recessive allele

Question 10

If you are heterozygous, what does that mean?

Answer 10

It means you will have two different copies of that gene.

Question 11

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Answer 11

Genotype = genetic make-up of an organism
Phenotype = expressed characteristics

Question 12

What are the potential genotypes of the offspring of two heterozygous parents?

Answer 12

1 Homozygous dominant
2 Heterozygous
1 Homozygous recessive