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Molecular Immunology > Cell mediated and humoral immunity (10) > Flashcards

Cell mediated and humoral immunity (10) Flashcards

1
Q

What cells can entire the secondary lymphoid tissue and possibly acquire membrane IgD?

A

Nieve B cells expressing membrane IgM.

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2
Q

Where do activate B lymphocytes divide and differentiate?

A

2ndry lymphoid tissue.

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3
Q

What mediates the humoral immune response?

A

Soluble antibody proteins.

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4
Q

What is an example of secondary lymphoid tissue other than the lymph nodes?

A

Spleen.

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5
Q

What Ig class is commonly found in dimers?

A

A

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6
Q

What Ig class is commonly found as pentamers?

A

M

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7
Q

What is the main antibody in tissues?

A

G

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8
Q

What do the IgG subclasses mainly differ in?

A

Length and number of disulphides in hinge region.

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9
Q

What can IgG activate?

A

Complement.

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10
Q

What FC receptors does IgG bind to?

A

Phagocytes and NK Cells.

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11
Q

What can IgG do that other immunoglobin classes can not?

A

Cross the placenta.

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12
Q

What receptor can IgG bind to on the trophoblast?

A

FcRn

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13
Q

What property of IgG means it can bind to FcRN on the trophoblast?

A

Long serum half life.

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14
Q

What sort of response is IgG important in?

A

Secondary or memory responses.

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15
Q

Why is IgM usually serum restricted?

A

It has a mw of 970,000 daltons

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16
Q

What does IgM not have?

A

A defined hinge region Instead it has a ‘functional hinge’.

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17
Q

IgM has 5 subunits. What else is associated with its structure?

A

J chain.

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18
Q

What response is IgM important in?

A

Primary

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19
Q

What is IgM good at (2 things)?

A
  1. Being a agglutinator to a particular antigen

2. Activating complement

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20
Q

Isotype switching occurs on which Ig class to produce what other Ig classes.

A

Occurs on M to produce G, A or E.

21
Q

What is usually required to allow for isotype switching?

A

T cell help via cytokines.

22
Q

The level of IgM is higher in the primary response compared to the secondary response. True or false?

A

False. It is the same level in both responses.

23
Q

IgA is either monomeric or dimeric. True or false?

A

False, it can also be polymeric.

24
Q

What subclass of IgA is found in primates?

A

IgA2

25
Q

What contains IgA?

A

Milk

26
Q

What Fc receptors does IgA bind?

A

Phagocytes.

27
Q

Why was IgA thought to originally have little importance?

A

Rapid catabolism.

28
Q

Where in the body is IgA present?

A

Secretions and mucosal surfaces.

29
Q

What Ig classes contain the J chain?

A

M and A.

30
Q

Where would you find IgA that contains the J chain?

A

Secretions.

31
Q

What is found with secretory IgA?

A

IgA dimer, J chain, secretory component.

32
Q

Polymeric Ig molecules (M and A) can undergo specilised transport via what receptor?

A

Poly- Ig

33
Q

How much IgA does mucosal lymphoid tissues produce each day?

A

5g.

34
Q

Where does the Poly-Ig receptor transport IgA/M too/ from?

A

From the submucosa via epithelial cells into the lumen.

35
Q

What is it thought IgA could have a role in?

A

Fighting infection passively.

36
Q

What percentage of serum Ig is IgD?

A

<1%

37
Q

Where is IgD found?

A

As an antigen receptor on many B lymphocytes, often with IgM.

38
Q

Where in the body do plasma cells/ B cells produce IgD? What does IgD do here?

A

Upper respiratory tract. Here it can interact with receptors on basophils inducing antimicrobial, inflammatory and B cell stimulatory factors.

39
Q

Monomeric IgM contains a functional hinge. What other Ig class also contains this?

A

IgE.

40
Q

What Ig class is found in the smallest amount in serum and what percent is it found at?

A

E. Only 0.0003% of serum is this class. This is a ‘trace’ level.

41
Q

What can IgE bind to?

A

High affinity FcR receptors on mast cells and basophils.

42
Q

What is released during mast cell degranulation?

A

Histamine and other inflammatory mediators.

43
Q

What is the main biological role for immunogloblins?

A

Label pathogens for elimation and destruction.

44
Q

All antibodies are at least what?

A

Divalent.

45
Q

What antibodies neutralize toxins?

A

G and A.

46
Q

What antibodies immobilise pathogens?

A

M.

47
Q

What antibodies prevent the pathogens binding to host?

A

G and A

48
Q

What antibodies agglutinate particles such as bacteria?

A

M and A.

49
Q

What do all antibodies do?

A

Form immune complexes with soluble antigen

Molecular Immunology (9 decks)

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