transplantation

Question 1

autologous graft / isograft

Answer 1

transplanted from individual to same individual

Question 2

syngeneic graft / syngraft

Answer 2

transplant between two genetically identical individuals (identical twins)

Question 3

allogeneic graft / allograft

Answer 3

transplant between two genetically dissimilar individuals of same species

Question 4

xenogeneic graft / xenograft

Answer 4

transplant between members of two different species

Question 5

orthotopic transplant

Answer 5

graft that is placed in normal anatomic location

Question 6

heterotopic transplant

Answer 6

graft placed in anatomically different site

Question 7

first set rejection

Answer 7

rejected in 7-10 days (similar to primary immune response)

Question 8

second set rejection

Answer 8

rejected in 2-3 days (similar to secondary immune response)

accelerated rejection due to immunological memory

Question 9

immunologically privileged sites

Answer 9

location in body where allogeneic transplant can be placed without risk of rejection
anterior chamber of eye, cornea, testes, brain
privileged due to:
extracellular fluid bathing tissues does not leave through conventional lymphatic system
transforming growth factor beta is produced at these sites, an inhibitory cytokine
Fas ligand expressed by these tissues can react with Fas on lymphocytes to induce apoptosis