5.7 Flashcards
Explain the election of 1824
- 4 candidates
- Andrew Jackson won popular vote
- No candidate received majority of electoral votes. House of reps has to vote. Henry Clay leaves the race and votes for JQA. Clay becomes Sec of State under JQA (President) = “Corrupt Bargain.”
How did the change in voting rights affect American democracy?
Because of industrial growth, many states allowed white men to vote even if they were not property owners. This meant that politicians had to appeal to the “common man.”
What political strategies contributed to Andrew Jackson’s success in the election of 1828?
- Portrayed himself as a “common man”
- Traveled around the country to campaign
- Wanted strong states and a weak federal g, wouldn’t interfere with slavery, appealing to southern states
- Created a campaign team, gave his staffers jobs (Spoils System)(-)
What did the Trail of Tears show about many people’s views about American Indians at the time?
- Thought Indians were “savages” and an inconvenience that needed to be removed
- Didn’t deserve respect, land, rights
Describe the Trail of Tears (a nightmare journey)
- Indians forced to march west
- Groups of 100-1000
- Lasted 116 days
- By bayonet or gunpoint
- 1/4 died
- Died from diseases, cold, starvation
- Traveled on foot/horseback
- Limited supplies
- Freezing
Why were the southern states opposed to high tariffs
The tariffs (on Br and Fr imported goods) helped northern businesses but passed those costs to southern consumers. Many Southerners felt they were paying more than their share of taxes (it’s not fair).
Why were people eventually happy about the tariffs?
South Carolina threatened to (leave) the US. Jackson calls the military to FORCE South Carolina to stay. Congress lowers the tariff. (GOOD THING)
Explain why Andrew Jackson and many southerners opposed the creation of a national bank
They measured wealth through farmlands, but northerners measured wealth through money. A common currency didn’t affect farmers as bad as it did businessmen. Value of money fluctuated depending on economy. They opposed it because the Constitution doesn’t specify to build a bank; view the bank as a monster to kill.
Compare and Contrast Whigs VS Jacksonian Democrats
Whigs:
- Led by Henry Clay/Daniel Webster
- Northerners
- Strong fed gov
- Favored national bank
Jacksonian Democrats:
- Led by Andrew Jackson
- southerners and western settlers
- opposed tariffs/bank
- supported American Indian Removal bank
How did Andrew Jackson exercise the power of the executive branch to a different extent than previous presidents?
Jackson used his veto power to reject the 2nd US bank. He went up against John Marshall and the Supreme Court when he removed the American Indians in the Trail of Tears. He also removed money from the national bank and gave it to states.
What events and strategies contributed to the Whig victory in the Election of 1840?
Panic of 1837 caused the economy to suffer, so many people were not inclined to support the Jacksonian Democrats. The Whigs used Jackson’s campaign strategies against his party and portrayed Van Buren as a corrupt aristocrat.
- 1836: Martin Van Buren
- 1840: William Henry Harrison (dies from pneumonia)- his VP becomes president (John Tyler)
What was one reason President Jackson focused on Indian removal in the South
Southern planters demanded more land to farm.
What was Ross’s views on how Indians felt
- US made treaties and laws that guaranteed the American Indians’ residence, privileges, and secured them against intruders. (The treaties should be fulfilled and the laws executed out of fairness).
Define Caucus
A closed meeting of party members for the purpose of choosing a candidate
Define Spoils System
The practice of the political party in power giving jobs to its supporters, rather than people who qualify
Where were the Indians moving?
West of the Mississippi River
Define Tariff of Abominations
Protective tariff that raised the price of imported goods
Define Nullification crisis
Response to Tariffs, SC nullified the them, opposing federal law and Jackson threatened to use military force. They compromised and lowered the tariffs.
Whigs
a political party that was against the democrats
