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Spanish Conjugations > Present Subjunctive > Flashcards

Present Subjunctive Flashcards

1
Q

Regular conjugation of present subjunctive for -AR verbs

A
  • e
  • es
  • e
  • emos
  • éis
  • en
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2
Q

Regular conjugation of present subjunctive for -ER/IR verbs

A
  • a
  • as
  • a
  • amos
  • áis
  • an
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3
Q

-AR and -ER present tense indicative stem changing verbs in present subjunctive…

A

have the same pattern
eg. pensar - piense, pienses, piense, pensemos, penséis, piensen
volver - vuelva, vuelvas, vuelva, volvamos, volváis, vuelvan

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4
Q

verbs ending -CAR

A

C > QU before ‘e’

eg. buscar - busque, busques, busque, busquemos, busquéis, busquen

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5
Q

-IR present tense indicative stem changing verbs that change O > UE change…

A

O>UE in boot form, and O > U in nosotros and vosotros forms

eg. dormir - duerma, duermas, duerma, durmamos, durmáis, duerman

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6
Q

-IR present tense indicative stem changing verbs that change E > IE change…

A

E>IE in boot form, and E>I in nosotros and vosotros forms

eg. sentir - sienta, sientas, sienta, sintamos, sintáis, sientan

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7
Q

-IR present tense indicative stem changing verbs that change E>I change

A

E>I in all persons

eg. pedir - pida, pidas, pida, pidamos, pidáis, pidan

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8
Q

verbs ending -ZAR

A

Z > C before ‘e’

eg. empezar - empiece, empieces, empiece, empecemos, empecéis, empiecen

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9
Q

verbs ending -GIR/GER

A

G > J before ‘a’

eg. escoger - escoja, escojas, escoja, escojamos, escojáis, escojan

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10
Q

verbs ending -GUIR

A

GU > G before ‘a’

eg. seguir - siga, sigas, siga, sigamos, sigáis, sigan

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11
Q

verbs ending -UIR

A

add Y before ‘a’

eg. Huir - huya, huyas, huya, huyamos, huyáis, huyan

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12
Q

TENER

A

tenga, tengas, tenga, tengamos, tengáis, tengan

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13
Q

HACER

A

haga, hagas, haga, hagamos, hagáis, hagan

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14
Q

SALIR

A

salga, salgas, salga, salgamos, salgáis, salgan

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15
Q

DAR

A

dé, des, dé, demos, deis, den

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16
Q

ESTAR

A

esté, estés, esté, estemos, estéis, estén

17
Q

HABER

A

haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan

18
Q

IR

A

vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan

19
Q

SABER

A

sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan

20
Q

SER

A

sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean

21
Q

To express wishes/hopes/desires using querer/esperar

A

QUERER/ESPERAR
+infinitive = i want myself to do something. the hoping and the action are done by the same subject
eg. queiro ir al cine.
+ QUE + subjunctive = i want you to do something. the hoping and the action are done by different subjects
eg. espero que tengas un buen día

22
Q

to express wishes/hopes/desires

A
  • Ojalá + subjunctive
    eg. ojalá llegues a tiempo
  • Que + subjunctive
    eg. que lo pases muy bien
23
Q

When to use subjunctive to express probability

A
  • if the action is close to present and is probable, use indicative
  • if the action is less than probable, use subjunctive
24
Q

Phrases to express probability using the subjunctive

A
  • Quizá/s, tal vez, probablament, posiblemente, seguramente - can use indicative or subjunctive. only use subjunctive if referring to the FUTURE
  • Puede, es posible, es probable + QUE + subjunctive
25
Q

Use of subjunctive with verbs of influence and sentiment

A

if verb 1 and verb 2 have the same agent, verb 2 is infinitive
eg. Quiero estudiar alemán
if verb 1 and verb 2 have different agents, verb 2 is subjunctive and constructed using QUE
eg. quiero que él estudie alemán

26
Q

Use of subjunctive with verbs of understanding/the mind

A

if verb 1 is affirmative, verb 2 is indicative
eg. creo que se llama Clara
if verb 1 is negative, verb 2 is subjunctive
eg. no creo que se llame Ana

27
Q

Use of subjunctive to establish a final cause that motivates the first verb

A

using PARA
if verb 1 and verb 2 have the same agent, verb 2 is infinitive
eg. tengo dienro para viajar a Cuba
if verb 1 and verb 2 have different agents, verb 2 is subjunctive
eg. tengo dinero para que viajes a Cuba

28
Q

Useful phrases for verbs expressing probability, use subjunctive only for future actions that are less than probable.

A 
Quizá/s
Tal vez
probablamente
posiblemente
seguramente
despues (de) que
en cuanto
hasta que
mientras que
tan pronto como
29
Q

Useful phrases for verbs of influence and sentiment - use like GUSTAR

A

me/te/le/nos/os/les
+ gusta, alegra, molesta, disgusta, importa, fascina, encanta, interesa
+ QUE + subjunctive

Spanish Conjugations (8 decks)

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