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Question 1

population

Answer 1

•is the number of all the organisms of the same group or species, which live in a particular geographical area, and have the capability of interbreeding.

Question 2

Current Population Trends

Answer 2

• Amplifies all environmental problems
• Largest increase expected in developing countries (approximately 97%)
• Decreasing in some developed countries

Question 3

Population change equation

Answer 3

Population change = (Births + Immigration) – (Deaths + Emigration)

Question 4

Crude birth rate

Answer 4

Crude birth rate = births per 1000 people in population per year

Question 5

Crude death rate

Answer 5

= deaths per 1000 people in population per year

Question 6

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

Answer 6

•Number of children a woman has during her lifetime, averaged for population.

same as biotic potential (r)

Question 7

Replacement Level Fertility

Answer 7

Number of children needed to replace everyone in the population.

•Varies between regions

2. 1 with low infant mortality
3. 5 with high infant mortality

Question 8

Zero Population Growth

Answer 8

Birth rate equals death rate.

Question 9

Sex Ratio-

Answer 9

•Relative number of males and females in a population

Question 10

Age Distribution

Answer 10

Number of individuals of each age in a population

Question 11

sex ratio and age distribution

Answer 11

•Together they tell how a population will grow

Question 12

Answer 12

rapid growth (developing countries)

Question 13

Answer 13

slow growth (developed countries)

Question 14

Answer 14

zero growth (developed countries)

Question 15

Answer 15

Navigation growth (developed countries)

Question 16

Growth is determined by

Answer 16

teenagers – the population wave of the future.

Question 17

infant mortality rate comparison between developed and developing countries

Answer 17

Developed: low infant mortality rate

Developing: high infant mortality rate

Question 18

Several factors determine the impact of a society on natural resources

Answer 18

•Population size

•Population density
Population density is population divided by total land area or water volume, as appropriate.

•Degree of technological development

Question 19

Demography

Answer 19

Study of populations and their characteristics

Question 20

environmental impact of population (I)

Answer 20

population (P) x consumption per person (affluence,A) x technological impact per unit of consumption(T)

Question 21

Factors Affecting Birth Rates and Total Fertility Rates

Answer 21

• Children in Labor Force
• Cost of raising and educating children
• Availability of pension systems
• Urbanization
• Education and employment for women
• Infant mortality rate
• Average marrying age
• Abortion
• Availability of birth control

•

Question 22

Major social factor determining family size is the role of women in society.

Answer 22

• Early marriages foster high fertility rates.
• Lack of education opportunities for women reduces their options.
• When level of education increases, fertility rates fall.
• The most important factor is the ability of women to control the size of their family.
• Access to birth control is key.

Question 23

As countries become industrialized

Answer 23

death rates, then birth rates decline.

Question 24

Cutting Global Population Growth

Answer 24

• Family planning
• Improve health care
• Elevate the status of women
• Increase education
• Involve men in parenting
• Reduce poverty
• Sustainability

Question 25

Undesirable Impacts of Urban Sprawl

Answer 25

Loss of crop land, forest land, and wetlands

Fragmenting fish and wildlife habitats

Increased impervious surfaces means more flooding

And soil erosion

And a larger ecological footprint

Question 26

Urban Land-Use Planning and Control

Answer 26

• Land-use planning
• Property taxes
• Zoning
• Smart growth
• Urban growth boundary
• Greenbelts