6 Immune Manipulation

Question 1

(LO) Differentiate immunosuppression and immunopotentiation.

Answer 1

Immunosuppressants are things like

NSAIDS

Glucocorticoids (steroids)

Antibodies (blocked certain immune system elements)

Immunopotentiators

Immunizations..

Question 2

(LO) Recall the pro-inflammatory cytokines discussed in class, and
predict the effect of blocking TNF-alpha production or its action

Answer 2

By blocking TNFa, you block IL-6. You’re blocking macrophages. TH1 cells, Tc Cells. Causes cytotoxicity and hurts cell mediated immunity (type 4)

Question 3

(LO) Identify the site of action for NSAIDs and corticosteroids in the
arachidonic acid pathway.

Answer 3

…NSAIDS will block COX 1&2!!!

Take too much aspirin which causes TXA2 and PHI2 to shut down (which protects stomach)

Corticosteroids BLOCKS PHOSPHOLIPASE A2!!

Question 4

(LO) Differentiate polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies

Answer 4

Polyclonal has antibodies derives from MULTIPLE B-cells against MULTIPLE epitopes on SINGLE antigen

Monoclonal: antibodies derived from SINGLE B-cell against a SINGLE epitope, on a SINGLE antigen

Question 5

(LO) target

Ci(r)=

Ii (m)=

Tu(m)=

Sources:

• umab=
• ximab(z)=
• zumab=

Answer 5

ci(r) = circulatory
li(m) = immune
tu(m) = misc. tumor

Sources:
-umab = human
– ximab (“z”) = chimera
– zumab = humanized

Question 6

(LO) explain

the difference between chimeric and humanized monoclonal antibodies

Answer 6

Chimeric is 1/3 mouse and 2/3 human. Works well for 1,2 treatments then you resist them. NOT AS GOOD AS HUMANIZED

HUMANIZED is 95% human and 5% mouse. That good

Question 7

What do these drugs have based on their target and sources?

Bevacizumab-

Adalimumab-

Trastuzumab-

Infliximab-

Answer 7

Circulatory, humanized (95% human)

Immune, human (2/3 human)

Tumor, humanized (95% human)

Immune, chimera (1/3 human)