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MSA > Random Hip/Ankle/Foot anatomy > Flashcards

Random Hip/Ankle/Foot anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Inverted Y ligament of the hip; located anteriorly and is the strongest

A

Iliofemoral lig

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2
Q

What does the iliofemoral lig limit?

A
  1. Extension
  2. IR (with extension)
  3. ER (with flexion)
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3
Q

Which ligament of the hip is located anteriorly and limits hip abduction?

A

pubofemoral lig

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4
Q

Which ligament of the hip is located posteriorly and limits hip ER?

A

Ischiofemoral lig

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5
Q

What are the ligaments of the medial ankle?

A

Deltoid ligament

  • very strong ligament
  • if injured, usually associated with avulsion fracture
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6
Q

What are the ligaments of the lateral ankle? which is most commonly inured in lateral ankle sprain?

A
  1. Anterior talofibular (ATF; most commonly injured)
  2. Calcaneiofibular
  3. Posterior talofibular (PTF)
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7
Q

What is in the first layer of the foot?

A
  1. Abductor hallicus (MP S1,2)
  2. Flexor digitorum brevis (MP S1,2)
  3. Abductor digiti minimi (LP S2,3)
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8
Q

What is in the second layer of the foot?

A
  1. Quadratus plantae (MP S1,2)
  2. Lumbricals (1st = MP S1,2; 2-4 = LP S2,3)
  3. FHL tendon
  4. FDL tendon
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9
Q

What is in the third layer of the foot?

A
  1. Flexor hallucis brevis ( MP
  2. Adductor hallucis (LP)
  3. Flexor digit minimi (LP)
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10
Q

What is in the fourth layer of the foot?

A
  1. 3 Plantar interossei (LP)
  2. 4 dorsal interossei (LP)
  3. Fibularis longus tendon
  4. Tibialis posterior tendon
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11
Q

What is deep to the first layer of the foot?

A

Superficial neurovascular plane

  • Post. Tibial artery - Comes in on medial side, below abductor hallucis muscle; Splits into lateral and medial plantar arteries
  • Superficial MP n. and LP n. - Tibial nerve follows same path; Splits into lateral and medial plantar nerves
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12
Q

What is deep to flexor digitorum brevis?

A

plantar digital nerves

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13
Q

What is deep to the 3rd layer of the foot?

A

Deep neurovascular plane

-deep branches of medial lateral plants nerves and arteries

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14
Q

What nerve supplies the skin on the dorsal aspect of the foot?

A

Superficial fibular cutaneous nerve

  • dorsal medial cut. n.
  • dorsal intermediate cut. n.
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15
Q

What nerve supplies the skin on the lateral and posterior part of inferior ⅓ of leg, and lateral side of foot and lateral side of 5th toe?

A

Sural nerve

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16
Q

What nerve supplies the skin on the most of the sole of the heel?

A

tibial nerve

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17
Q

What nerve supplies the skin on the lateral sole of the foot?

A

lateral plantar nerve

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18
Q

What nerve supplies the skin on the medial sole of the foot?

A

medial plantar nerve

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19
Q

What nerve supplies the skin to the anteromedial leg and angle, and distal to head of 1st metatarsal?

A

Saphenous nerve

- follows the track of great saphenous v in leg

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20
Q

What tendon runs through the susentaculum tali?

A

Flexor hallucis longus

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21
Q

What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg? what nerve supplies it? what artery is contained in this compartment?

A
  1. Tibialis anterior (L4,5)
  2. Extensor hallucis longus (L5,S1)
  3. Extensor digitorum longus (L5,S1)
  4. Fibularis tertius (L5,S1)
    - deep fibular nerve
    - Tibialis anterior a.
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22
Q

What muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg? what nerve supplies it?

A
  1. Fib longus (also common fib n., L5,S1)
  2. Fib brevis (L5,S1)
    - superficial fibular nerve
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23
Q

Where does common fibular nerve split into superficial and deep fib nerve?

A

deep to fib longus

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24
Q

What muscles are in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg? what nerve supplies it?

A
  1. gastrocnemius (S1,2)
  2. soleus (S1,2)
  3. plantaris (S1,2)
    - sural nerve
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25
Q

What muscles are in the deep posterior compartment of the leg? what nerve supplies it? what artery is contained in this compartment?

A
  1. Popliteus (L4,5,S1)
  2. FDL (L5,S1,2)
  3. FHL (L5,S1,2)
  4. Tibialis posterior (L4,5)
    - tibial nerve
    - tibialis posterior a.
26
Q

What vein starts medially, goes up and posterior and travels into the femoral triangle?

A

Great saphenous vein

27
Q

What is the network of veins of the foot?

A

Dorsal venous arch

28
Q

What vein begins posterior to the lateral malleolus, travels up the lateral leg, goes into the popliteal fossa, dives deep and drains into the popliteal vein?

A

Small saphenous vein

29
Q

What retinaculum holds tom, dick and harry structures in place?

A

Flexor retinaculum

30
Q

What is deep to extensor retinaculum (medial to lateral order)?

A
  1. TA tendon
  2. EHL tendon
  3. EDL tendon
31
Q

What is deep to the EDL tendon?

A
  1. ED brevis

2. EH brevis

32
Q

What is deep to ED brevis?

A
  1. Dorsalis pedis artery
  2. perforating branch of fib artery and its branch to lateral malleolar a
  3. Deep fib nerves and its branches
33
Q

What is the lateral border the insertion site of? Medial? inferior? Superior?

A

Lateral border – insertion of vastus laterals
Medial border – insertion of vastus medialis
Inferior border – patellar lig attachment
Superior border – Rectus femoris and Vastus intermedius insertion

34
Q

What is the shape of the medial tibial condyle? meniscus?

A

Oval; C-shaped

35
Q

What is the shape of the lateral tibial condyle? meniscus?

A

Circular; O-shaped

36
Q

The capsule of the knee is prolonged inferolaterally over the popliteus muscle to the head of the fibula, forming what ligament?

A

Arcuate popliteal ligament

- travels superomedial over tendon of popliteus to attach to intercondylar area of tibia and lateral epicondyle of femur

37
Q

What are the 5 intrinsic ligaments of the knee joint capsule?

A
  1. Patellar ligament
  2. Fibular collateral ligament
  3. Tibial collateral ligament
  4. Oblique popliteal ligament
  5. Arcuate popliteal ligament
38
Q

bursa between patella ligament and proximal tibia (helps flexion into extension)

A

Deep infra patellar bursa

39
Q

Which collateral ligament is thin and round? which is broad?

A
  • LCL (5cm) - Lateral epicondyle of femur to head of fib

- MCL (8-9cm) - medial epicondyle of femur to medial epicondyle and proximal medial surface of tibia

40
Q

What ligament splits the biceps femurs in two?

A

LCL

  • popliteus passes deep to it separating from lat meniscus
  • fatty tissue separates from joint capsule inferiorly
  • superior portion is considered intrinsic to capsule
41
Q

What ligament is an extension of semimembranous tendon?

A

oblique popliteal ligament

-travels superolateral to insert into centra part of capsule

42
Q

What is contained in the superficial popliteal fascia?

A
  1. Small saphenous v.
  2. Posterior femoral cut. n.
  3. Medial sural n. (starts here)
  4. Lateral sural n. (starts here)
43
Q

What nerve supplies the skin of the posterior thigh?

A

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

44
Q

What is contained in the popliteal fossa?

A
  1. Popliteal artery and vein
  2. Tibial nerve
  3. common fibular nerve
45
Q

What vein ascends from medial side of popliteal artery to the lateral side and ends at the adductor hiatus where it becomes the femoral vein?

A

Popliteal vein

46
Q

What nerve supplies the skin of the anterior and lateral leg and the dorsal of the foot?

A

common fibular nerve

47
Q

What nerve supplies the skin between the 1st and 2nd toe?

A

deep fibular nerve

48
Q

What makes up the borders of the femoral triangle?

A

Superior - Inguinal ligament
Medial - Medial border of adductor longus (in triangle)
Lateral - Medial border of sartorial (out triangle)

49
Q

What makes up the floor of the femoral triangle (medial to lateral)?

A
  1. Adductor longus muscle
  2. Pectineus muscle
  3. Iliopsoas muscle
50
Q

What is contained in the femoral triangle (medial to lateral)?

A

Femoral Vein, Artery, Nerve

VAN

51
Q

What anterior rami make up the sciatic nerve?

A

L4-S3

52
Q

What is in the lesser sciatic notch?

A
  1. Obturator internus muscle
  2. Nerve to obturator internus muscle
  3. Pudendal nerve and vessels (also in greater)
53
Q

What is in the greater sciatic notch?

A
  1. Superior gluteal nerve and vessels
  2. Piriformis muscle
  3. Inferior gluteal nerve and vessels
  4. Sciatic nerve
  5. Nerve to superior gemellus and obturator
54
Q

What is the obturator foramen a passageway for?

A

Obturator nerve and vessels to medial thigh

55
Q

What structures pass over the pelvic brim?

A
  1. Tendon of the iliacus muscle
  2. Tendon of the psoas major muscle
  3. Femoral Nerve, Artery and Vein
  4. Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
  5. Lymph vessels
56
Q

What nerve supplies the anterior lateral thigh?

A

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

57
Q

What nerve supplies the skin to the medial half of the anterior thigh?

A

Medial and intermediate femoral cut. n.

58
Q

What nerve supplies the skin to the upper medial thigh?

A

obturator n.

59
Q

What are the two joints of the ankle?

A
  1. Talocrural joint (mortise joint) allows DF and PF

2. Subtalar joint - allows eversion, inversion, IR, ER,

60
Q

What ligament stabilizes the talocrural joint and allow little movement between the bit and fibula?

A

tibiofibular lig

61
Q

What are the ligaments of the lateral ankle? what motions do they resist?

A

ATF, CF, PTF

- rests IR, anterior displacement, and inversion

62
Q

What are the ligaments of the medial ankle?

A

deltoid ligament

- if injured, often occurs with avulsion fx

MSA (13 decks)

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