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4th Year Millwright > Conveyors > Flashcards

Conveyors Flashcards

1
Q

Name 4 main components of a belt conveyor system.

A

belts, idlers, take-up devices, loading and unloading devices

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2
Q

What is the purpose of a tripper?

A

To allow the discharge of material at any point along the length of the conveyor.

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3
Q

What are the 3 main components of a typical belt in a belt conveyor?

A

top cover, carcass, bottom cover

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4
Q

What portion of the belt provides the strength and tension?

A

the carcass

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5
Q

Name 4 functions of an automatic gravity take-up on a belt conveyor.

A

maintains tension, removes slack on start-up, provides reserve belt material for splicing, allows for expansion/contraction of belt

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6
Q

What type of splice to steel cable belts require?

A

hot vulcanized splice

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7
Q

What type of mechanical splice can be used to repair damaged sections of belt?

A

bolted solid plate type

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8
Q

What type of splicing is usually the strongest, and up to what percentage of belt strength can it achieve?

A

hot vulcanizing, up to 90% of belt strength

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9
Q

What type of pulley is used to prevent material build up between the belt and pulley, and are usually used on slow-speed conveyors?

A

self-cleaning or wing pulleys

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10
Q

What type of pulley is used to increase the arc of contact on a drive pulley?

A

snub pulley

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11
Q

In a addition to increasing the arc of contact, what else can be used to increase friction between the belt and pulley?

A

lagging

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12
Q

Name the 3 main troughing angles.

A

20 deg, 35 deg, 45 deg

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13
Q

What is used in a trough conveyor to level or trough the belt before it goes over the head or tail pulley, and to prevent belt edge stretching?

A

transition idlers

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14
Q

What type of idlers are installed at the loading points to prevent belt damage?

A

impact idlers (or impact cradle)

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15
Q

What type of return idlers would be used when transporting sticky material?

A

spiral rubber disc

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16
Q

What are conditions are preferred when feeding material from the loading chute to the belt?

A

that the material is fed at the same speed and in the same direction of the belt

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17
Q

What are installed to prevent material from spilling at loading points?

A

sideboards and skirts

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18
Q

What should skirting material and V plow rubber never be made from?

A

old belting

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19
Q

What are several factors that affect belt tracking?

A

frame damage, foundation settling, off-centre loading, incorrect belt splice (not square), take-up carriage out of line, incorrect belt tension, material build-up on idlers

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20
Q

What angles may return idlers be inclined at to form a V on some long belts?

A

10 deg or 20 deg

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21
Q

Where is a V plow installed on a troughing conveyor, and what is its purpose?

A

Installed before the tail pulley to clean the carrying side of the belt.

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22
Q

Name 3 methods used to remove tramp iron from the material on a belt conveyor.

A

suspended magnet, magnetic head pulley, separate magnetic belt above discharge

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23
Q

What is the minimum clearance recommended between the skirt boards and the conveyor belt?

A

1”

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24
Q

What must you be careful not to do when setting a threaded (screw) take-up

A

take care not to over-tension the belt

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25
Q

What is the rubber adhesive compound called that binds the plies together on a belt conveyor belt?

A

friction

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26
Q

What is the open mesh called used to reinforce the belt against longitudinal breaking under impact?

A

breaker fabric

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27
Q

With which type of belt carcass material do you not use crowned pulley?

A

steel cord

28
Q

What is the splice bias angle for belts under 24”?

A

45 deg

29
Q

What is the splice bias angle for belts over 24”?

A

60 deg

30
Q

What can be added to a hot vulcanized splice to affect the strength of the splice?

A

sulphur

31
Q

What is the normal arc of contact for a drive pulley, and what is the maximum that can be increased to? How would this be accomplished?

A

180 deg, to a max of 240 deg (with a snub pulley)

32
Q

What is the standard crown on a crowned pulley?

A

1/8” per foot of pulley face width

33
Q

Describe a tandem drive set-up

A

one motor driving two pulleys, a gear or chain drive between the two drive pulleys

34
Q

What would be the maximum angle of tilt off vertical in the direction of belt travel on trough conveyor idlers to aid in tracking?

A

2 deg

35
Q

What side of belt travel in relation to the idler rollers should side guide rollers be set?

A

upstream of belt travel (or on the tail pulley side of the frame)

36
Q

What is the purpose of fixed side guides?

A

to protect the frame of the conveyor if the belt runs off

37
Q

With graduated idler spacing, on what section of the belt would the rollers be installed closer together? What does this prevent?

A

They would be closer together on the lower tension side, preventing the belt from “climbing over” the rollers

38
Q

What is it called when idlers are slightly skewed in the direction of travel to aid in correcting belt run off?

A

“knocked” idlers

39
Q

What is used on incline conveyors to prevent rollback in the event of power failure?

A

a backstop (often a sprag or over-running clutch)

40
Q

What protect the carcass of a belt?

A

the top and bottom covers

41
Q

What conveyor chain is designed for “side impacts” and only bends in one direction?

A

rooftop (camelback) chain

42
Q

What is the main characteristic of “Manganese” that makes is suitable for chain conveyors? What must be done if this chain is heated above 500 deg F?

A

abrasion resistance, it then must be reheated to 1850 deg F then quenched

43
Q

What prevents the chain from jumping the drive sprocket of a “gravity drop” chain conveyor?

A

the weight of the chain

44
Q

What feature of the “H” class chain differentiates it from the Pintle chain?

A

flanged wear shoes

45
Q

Where is the thrust bearing normally located on a screw conveyor? Which direction are the axial forces in this setup relative to material flow?

A

discharge end of the conveyor, axial thrust is in the opposite direction of the material flow, the force would be pulling axially on the thrust bearing (operates in tension)

46
Q

What are the 3 main parts of a bucket conveyor?

A

the head assembly (drive), the casing, the foot assembly (boot)

47
Q

What are the 2 methods of loading a bucket conveyor?

A

fly loading, scoop loading

48
Q

What is used to prevent spillage from entering between the belt/chain and the boot pulley?

A

a deflector plate

49
Q

What rollers are used to transfer material across a moving chain to an end stop?

A

bottle rollers

50
Q

What are some commonly used chain styles for chain conveyors?

A

combination, pintle, H class, drag, refuse, detachable, transfer

51
Q

What are the two types of bucket elevators?

A

continuous, centrifugal discharge

52
Q

What are the two types of bolted joints used on bucket elevator belts?

A

butt, lap

53
Q

Why is it important to only remove a few buckets at a time on alternating sides on a bucket elevator?

A

otherwise the elevator will be heavier on one side and may run away

54
Q

What are the 2 general types of roller conveyors?

A

gravity roller, live roller

55
Q

What is the advantage of a high roll mounting position?

A

packages can be wider than the conveyor

56
Q

What is the minimum number of wheels that should be under the smallest container on a skate wheel conveyor?

A

5

57
Q

What is the minimum number of wheels that should be under the smallest container on a roller conveyor?

A

3

58
Q

What do angled rolls move material against?

A

an alignment fence (straightedge or guidebar)

59
Q

What two gauges can be used to check a V-belt drive system?

A

belt tension gauge, sheave profile gauge

60
Q

On what type of roll conveyors would a chain drive be used?

A

heavy duty roll conveyors

61
Q

Name several common overload devices that may be used on a roll conveyor to prevent drive system damage

A

shear pin, torque limiting clutch, ball detent overload, hydraulic relief valve limiter, spring-loaded torque arm, an electric motor overloads in the motor starter, fluid coupling fusible plug, loose belt slip, zero speed switch at tail end

62
Q

What would a low pressure vacuum system use to supply air pressure in the transport line?

A

lobe or roots type blower

63
Q

Wear does most of the wear take place in a pneumatic conveying system?

A

the inside of the outside radius on pipe bends

64
Q

Which vacuum pressure system would require a blow tank?

A

High-pressure systems

65
Q

What is used to ensure material can enter the air stream in a pneumatic conveyor?

A

a rotary feeder

66
Q

What characteristic would a chain conveyor have to keep the chain in contact with the bed?

A

a slight camber

4th Year Millwright (11 decks)

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