Membranes Flashcards
The components of the cell membrane are
The lipid bilayer and membrane proteins
The primary type of phospholipds
Phosphoglycerides; hydrophillic head and 2 hydrophobic tails; 3 carbon glycerol backbone
The secondary type of phospholipids
Spingolipids; hydrophillic head and 2 hydrophobic tails; Spingosine backbone; Contains an amine and two hydroxyl groups on one end
Structure and function of cholesterol
Forms a ring and carries a charge. Decreases the fluidity of the membrane and can cause lateral phase separation to influence intracellular signalling
Membranes without channel or transport proteins will only diffuse
Small hydrophobic molecules
Water get through the membrane through
A channel protein (aquaporin)
Oxygen goes through the membrane through
Simple diffusion; its small and nonpolar
Ions get through the membrane through
Active transport
Glucose gets through the membrane through
Active transport
Active Transport is
Transport that requires energy. Can be primary or secondary.
Passive transport is
Transport that does not require transport. Can be simple diffusion, channel mediate or transporter mediated. It is done by concentration gradients.
Primary Active Transport is
Hydrolyzes an ATP or uses a light source
Secondary Active Transport
Couples an electrochemically favorable reaction with an unfavorable one
Uniporter
A single solute is moved from one side of the membrane to the other
Symporter
Coupled transport of 2 solutes in the same direction
